Viral meningitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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*Arboviruses: | *Arboviruses: | ||
**They mostly cause encephalitis | **They mostly cause encephalitis | ||
*Parechoviruses:<ref name="pmid20948454">{{cite journal| author=Selvarangan R, Nzabi M, Selvaraju SB, Ketter P, Carpenter C, Harrison CJ| title=Human parechovirus 3 causing sepsis-like illness in children from midwestern United States. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2011 | volume= 30 | issue= 3 | pages= 238-42 | pmid=20948454 | doi=10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fbefc8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20948454 }} </ref> | |||
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Symptoms are varied, depending on the causative organism. The symptoms of viral meningitis usually last from 7 to 10 days, and people with normal immune systems usually recover completely.A rash may be present, which could suggest a particular virus - for example, varicella zoster. However, a non-blanching purpuric rash is not associated with meningitis and suggests systemic bacterial infection. The more common symptoms of meningitis are fever, severe headache, stiff neck, bright lights hurting the eyes, drowsiness or confusion, and nausea and vomiting. In babies, the symptoms are more difficult to identify. They may include fever, fretfulness or irritability, difficulty in awakening the baby, or the baby refuses to eat. The symptoms of meningitis may not be the same for every person. Viral meningitis then followed by headache, stiff neck, fever, photophobia, drowsiness and myalgia.
History and symptoms
Viral meningitis symptoms are similar to the bacterial meningitis but the viral one are milder. Patients with viral meningitis usually present with history of general manifestations but most common they give history of severe headache. They also give history of low grade fever in the beginning of the disease, however, they can give history of high grade fever if the disease advanced and neurological symptoms noticed. It is important to know the history of exposure to mosquito bites, contact with patient diagnosed with meningitis or having unsafe sex. There are general symptoms for the viral meningitis and specific symptoms for each single virus.
Common symptoms
Common Symptoms in Infants
- Fever
- Irritability
- Poor eating
- Lethargy
- Sleepy and trouble in walking up from sleeping
Common Symptoms in Adults
- High fever
- Severe headache
- Stiff neck
- Sensitivity to bright light
- Feeling sleepy with some troubles in walking up from sleeping
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Lack of appetite
Pathogen specific symptoms
- Enteroviruses:[1]
- Enteroviral meningitis presents with the general symptoms of the viral meningitis for both adults and children which are the fever, anorexia, headache, myalgia and respiratory tract infections.
- In infants there may be no evident signs of meningitis. However, in severe illness, seizures are noticed.
- Development of unlcers in the mouth, hand and foot is one of the specific symptoms of the enteroviruses.[2]. Conjunctivitis and pharyngitis can also be considered symptoms of enteroviral meningitis.
- Herpes viruses:
- Viral meningitis caused by the herpes viruses has the general symptoms of the disease but it can only be presented with just fever.
- Arboviruses:
- They mostly cause encephalitis
- Parechoviruses:[3]
Reference
- ↑ Wilfert CM, Lehrman SN, Katz SL (1983). "Enteroviruses and meningitis". Pediatr Infect Dis. 2 (4): 333–41. PMID 6310537.
- ↑ Chang LY, Huang LM, Gau SS, Wu YY, Hsia SH, Fan TY; et al. (2007). "Neurodevelopment and cognition in children after enterovirus 71 infection". N Engl J Med. 356 (12): 1226–34. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa065954. PMID 17377160.
- ↑ Selvarangan R, Nzabi M, Selvaraju SB, Ketter P, Carpenter C, Harrison CJ (2011). "Human parechovirus 3 causing sepsis-like illness in children from midwestern United States". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 30 (3): 238–42. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3181fbefc8. PMID 20948454.