Roseola pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Pathogenesis=== | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
* The pathogenesis of roseola is | * The pathogenesis of roseola is unknown. However, in a prospective study of 38 children with roseola, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was detected in a blood sample in all of the children during the period of high fever <ref name="pmid2647944">{{cite journal| author=Asano Y, Yoshikawa T, Suga S, Yazaki T, Hata T, Nagai T et al.| title=Viremia and neutralizing antibody response in infants with exanthem subitum. | journal=J Pediatr | year= 1989 | volume= 114 | issue= 4 Pt 1 | pages= 535-9 | pmid=2647944 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2647944 }} </ref>. | ||
*The human herpes virus infects the T cells, monocytes-macrophages, epithelial cells, and central nervous system cells resulting in a chronic infection. | *The human herpes virus infects the T cells, monocytes-macrophages, epithelial cells, and central nervous system cells resulting in a chronic infection. | ||
*HHV-6 has tropism towards CD4 T cells and replicates in the T cells inducing a lifelong latent infection in humans. | *HHV-6 has tropism towards CD4 T cells and replicates in the T cells inducing a lifelong latent infection in humans. | ||
Revision as of 12:01, 26 May 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Primary infection with HHV-6 has been shown to be the cause of exanthem subitum (roseola) in infants and can also result in an infectious mononucleosis-like illness in adults.
Pathophysiology
Transmission of infection
- HHV 6 virus is replicated in the salivary glands and secreted in saliva in the primary infection.
- Intrauterine transmission was suggested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity of uncultured cord blood mononuclear cells.
- CNS invasion is believed to occur accounting for some of the CNS manifestations such as febrile seizures.
- In the second phase of the disease, the HHV 6 virus is found to remain latent in lymphocytes and monocytes and found in low levels in some tissues. CD4 positive T cells have been found to support the growth of roseola.
Pathogenesis
- The pathogenesis of roseola is unknown. However, in a prospective study of 38 children with roseola, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was detected in a blood sample in all of the children during the period of high fever [1].
- The human herpes virus infects the T cells, monocytes-macrophages, epithelial cells, and central nervous system cells resulting in a chronic infection.
- HHV-6 has tropism towards CD4 T cells and replicates in the T cells inducing a lifelong latent infection in humans.
- The pathogenicity of HHV-7 is not well understood.
Genetics
- Chromosomal integration of HHV-6A and HHV-6B is responsible for transmission of infection from the parents to the newborn and is observed in 1% of the population.
Associated conditions
A more serious form of HHV 6 is seen in older children, imnmunocompromised adults and organ transplant patients.
Gross pathology
Microscopic pathology
References
- ↑ Asano Y, Yoshikawa T, Suga S, Yazaki T, Hata T, Nagai T; et al. (1989). "Viremia and neutralizing antibody response in infants with exanthem subitum". J Pediatr. 114 (4 Pt 1): 535–9. PMID 2647944.