Tetanus differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Signs | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Signs | ||
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Laboratory Findings | ! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Laboratory Findings | ||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Tetanus]] | |||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |*Tonic contraction of muscles between the spasmodic episodes | |||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome|Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome]] | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Neuroleptic malignant syndrome|Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome]] | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | | ||
*History of intake of offending drug | |||
*Autonomic instability | |||
*Rigidity | |||
*Disorientation | |||
*Fever | |||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Drug]] | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Drug]] induced | ||
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*Eye deviation | |||
*Head and neck jerky movements | |||
*No tonic contraction of the muscles between the spasms | |||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Strychnine poisoning]] | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | [[Strychnine poisoning]] | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | | ||
*Proper tetanus immunizations | |||
*History of intentional or accidental intake | |||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" | | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | Labs: | ||
*Blood assay | |||
*Urine assay | |||
*Tissue assay | |||
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Revision as of 23:28, 9 June 2017
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Tetanus Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Tetanus differential diagnosis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tetanus differential diagnosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Tetanus differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Michael Maddaleni, B.S.; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2]
Overview
Tetanus must be differentiated from strychnine poisoning, dental infections, drug reactions, hypocalcemia, meningitis, stroke and stiff man syndrome.[1]
Differentiating Tetanus from other Diseases
Some of the other diseases that need to be considered when trying to diagnose tetanus include:[2][3][4]
- Dental abscess
- Drug reactions
- Hypocalcaemia
- Meningitis
- Stiff man syndrome
- Strychnine poisoning
- Parkinson's disease
Differential for Unilateral Involuntary Face Movements
The differential diagnosis for abnormal one sided movements of the face includes:[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
- Tetanus associated trismus
- Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction
- Tetany
- Unilateral jaw dystonia
- Exclusive facial myokymia
- Exclusive hemifacial spasm
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) associated tonic spasms
- Focal motor epilepsy
- Hemimasticatory spasm in the presence or absence hemiatrophy of the face
| Disease | Diagnosis | Features | Treatment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | Signs | Laboratory Findings | |||
| Tetanus | *Tonic contraction of muscles between the spasmodic episodes | ||||
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
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| Meningitis | |||||
| Stiff man syndrome | |||||
| Drug induced |
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| Strychnine poisoning |
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Labs:
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| Hypocalcaemia | |||||
| Dental abscess | |||||
| Parkinson's disease | |||||
References
- ↑ Anisha Doshi, Clare Warrell, Dima Dahdaleh & Dimitri Kullmann (2014). "Just a graze? Cephalic tetanus presenting as a stroke mimic". Practical neurology. 14 (1): 39–41. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2013-000541. PMID 24052566. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ E. Andreadou, E. Kattoulas, C. Sfagos & D. Vassilopoulos (2007). "Stiff person syndrome: avoiding misdiagnosis". Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology. 28 (1): 35–37. doi:10.1007/s10072-007-0745-9. PMID 17385093. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Lisa Mitchell, William Adams & Francois Aspesberro (2017). "Case 6: Episodic Stiffness in a 30-month-old Girl". Pediatrics in review. 38 (1): 52–53. doi:10.1542/pir.2014-0142. PMID 28044038. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson, J. A. Obeso, G. Delgado, J. Gallego & C. D. Marsden (1986). "Focal dystonia of the jaw and the differential diagnosis of unilateral jaw and masticatory spasm". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 49 (6): 651–656. PMID 3734821. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson, J. A. Obeso, G. Delgado, J. Gallego & C. D. Marsden (1986). "Focal dystonia of the jaw and the differential diagnosis of unilateral jaw and masticatory spasm". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 49 (6): 651–656. PMID 3734821. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ J. R. Berger, W. A. Sheremata & E. Melamed (1984). "Paroxysmal dystonia as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis". Archives of neurology. 41 (7): 747–750. PMID 6743065. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ W. B. Matthews (1975). "Paroxysmal symptoms in multiple sclerosis". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 38 (6): 617–623. PMID 1151430. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson & W. M. Carroll (1983). "Hemimasticatory spasm--a peripheral paroxysmal cranial neuropathy?". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 46 (3): 274–276. PMID 6842234. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ P. D. Thompson & W. M. Carroll (1983). "Hemimasticatory and hemifacial spasm: a common pathophysiology?". Clinical and experimental neurology. 19: 110–119. PMID 6568919.
- ↑ L. R. Jenkyn, D. B. Walsh, C. M. Culver & A. G. Reeves (1977). "Clinical signs in diffuse cerebral dysfunction". Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. 40 (10): 956–966. PMID 591973. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ J. D. Rugh & W. K. Solberg (1976). "Psychological implications in temporomandibular pain and dysfunction". Oral sciences reviews. 7: 3–30. PMID 775369.