African trypanosomiasis historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
*In 1841, Valentin, professor of physiology discovered a trypanosome-like flagellate for the first time in the blood of a trout.<ref name="pmid15145378">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cox FE |title=History of sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis) |journal=Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=231–45 |year=2004 |pmid=15145378 |doi=10.1016/j.idc.2004.01.004 |url=}}</ref> | *In 1841, Valentin, professor of physiology discovered a trypanosome-like flagellate for the first time in the blood of a trout.<ref name="pmid15145378">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cox FE |title=History of sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis) |journal=Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=231–45 |year=2004 |pmid=15145378 |doi=10.1016/j.idc.2004.01.004 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*1843, Gruby gave a detailed description of trypanosomes based on the work done independently by Gluge, Mayer in the blood of frogs. | *In 1843, Gruby gave a detailed description of trypanosomes based on the work done independently by Gluge, Mayer in the blood of frogs. | ||
*1891, Nepveu identified trypanosomes for the first time in human blood. | *In 1891, Nepveu identified trypanosomes for the first time in human blood. | ||
*1898, Brault suggested that trypanosomes as the cause of sleeping sickness. | *In 1898, Brault suggested that trypanosomes as the cause of sleeping sickness. | ||
*1901, Forde and Dutton described T. b. gambiense in human blood for the first time. | *In 1901, Forde and Dutton described T. b. gambiense in human blood for the first time. | ||
*1902: First and second Sleeping Sickness Commission led by Low and Bruce was conducted in Uganda. | *In 1902: First and second Sleeping Sickness Commission led by Low and Bruce was conducted in Uganda. | ||
*1902, Castellani identified trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid of sleeping sickness patients for the first time. | *In 1902, Castellani identified trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid of sleeping sickness patients for the first time. | ||
*1902, Laveran and Mesnil discovered that sodium arsenite can be used to kill trypanosomes. | *In 1902, Laveran and Mesnil discovered that sodium arsenite can be used to kill trypanosomes. | ||
*1905, Bruce suggested that tsetse flies transmit trypanosomes mechanically. | *In 1903, David Bruce recognized the tsetse fly as the arthropod vector. | ||
*1909, Kleine demonstrated the cyclical transmission of trypanosomes in tsetse flies. | *In 1905, Bruce suggested that tsetse flies transmit trypanosomes mechanically. | ||
*1910, Stevens and Fantham identified T. b. rhodesiense as the cause of acute sleeping sickness. | *In 1909, Kleine demonstrated the cyclical transmission of trypanosomes in tsetse flies. | ||
*1914, Ritz described the antigenic variation of trypanosomes. | *In 1910, Stevens and Fantham identified T. b. rhodesiense as the cause of acute sleeping sickness. | ||
*1945, DDT was used for the first time in controlling tsetse flies. | *In 1914, Ritz described the antigenic variation of trypanosomes. | ||
*1949, melarsoprol was used for the first time as an anti-trypanosome drug. | *In 1945, DDT was used for the first time in controlling tsetse flies. | ||
*1969, Vickerman described the coat of trypanosomes as the source of antigenic variation. | *In 1949, melarsoprol was used for the first time as an anti-trypanosome drug. | ||
*1992, Eflornithine was used for the treatment of human sleeping sickness. | *In 1969, Vickerman described the coat of trypanosomes as the source of antigenic variation. | ||
*In 1992, Eflornithine was used for the treatment of human sleeping sickness. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 16:29, 26 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Pilar Almonacid; Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
- In 1841, Valentin, professor of physiology discovered a trypanosome-like flagellate for the first time in the blood of a trout.[1]
- In 1843, Gruby gave a detailed description of trypanosomes based on the work done independently by Gluge, Mayer in the blood of frogs.
- In 1891, Nepveu identified trypanosomes for the first time in human blood.
- In 1898, Brault suggested that trypanosomes as the cause of sleeping sickness.
- In 1901, Forde and Dutton described T. b. gambiense in human blood for the first time.
- In 1902: First and second Sleeping Sickness Commission led by Low and Bruce was conducted in Uganda.
- In 1902, Castellani identified trypanosomes in cerebrospinal fluid of sleeping sickness patients for the first time.
- In 1902, Laveran and Mesnil discovered that sodium arsenite can be used to kill trypanosomes.
- In 1903, David Bruce recognized the tsetse fly as the arthropod vector.
- In 1905, Bruce suggested that tsetse flies transmit trypanosomes mechanically.
- In 1909, Kleine demonstrated the cyclical transmission of trypanosomes in tsetse flies.
- In 1910, Stevens and Fantham identified T. b. rhodesiense as the cause of acute sleeping sickness.
- In 1914, Ritz described the antigenic variation of trypanosomes.
- In 1945, DDT was used for the first time in controlling tsetse flies.
- In 1949, melarsoprol was used for the first time as an anti-trypanosome drug.
- In 1969, Vickerman described the coat of trypanosomes as the source of antigenic variation.
- In 1992, Eflornithine was used for the treatment of human sleeping sickness.
References
- ↑ Cox FE (2004). "History of sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis)". Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 18 (2): 231–45. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2004.01.004. PMID 15145378.