Dermatophytosis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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=== Gender === | === Gender === | ||
* | * Overall, dermatophytosis is more prevalent in women than in men.<ref name="pmid24770502">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pires CA, Cruz NF, Lobato AM, Sousa PO, Carneiro FR, Mendes AM |title=Clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic profile of dermatophytosis |journal=An Bras Dermatol |volume=89 |issue=2 |pages=259–64 |year=2014 |pmid=24770502 |pmc=4008056 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Groin infections occur with a higher frequency in males than in females. | |||
* Nail infections occur more commonly in females than in males | |||
=== Race === | === Race === | ||
scalp infections occur predominantly in blacks; fingernail infections occur more often in Caucasians than blacks; ; toenails were more frequently infected in Caucasoids than in Negroids and in males than in females. | |||
=== Geographic distribution === | === Geographic distribution === | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
They are common in most adult people, with up to 20 percent of the population having one of these infections at any given moment.
Epidemiology and demographics
Prevalence
- Worldwide, the prevalence of dermatophytposis is 20000-25000 per 100,000 persons.[1]
Incidence
- Worldwide, the incidence of dermatophytosis ranges from a low of 10000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 15000 per 100,000 persons.
Case-fatality rate
Age
Gender
- Overall, dermatophytosis is more prevalent in women than in men.[2]
- Groin infections occur with a higher frequency in males than in females.
- Nail infections occur more commonly in females than in males
Race
scalp infections occur predominantly in blacks; fingernail infections occur more often in Caucasians than blacks; ; toenails were more frequently infected in Caucasoids than in Negroids and in males than in females.
Geographic distribution
- In Europe, the countries reporting the highest incidence of M. canis infections (Tinea capitis) are mainly in the Mediterranean but also bordering countries like Austria, Hungary, Germany and Poland.[3]
- The largest overall increase with anthropophilic dermatophytes has been noted with Trichophyton tonsurans mainly in the UK and with Trichophyton soudanense and Microsporum audouinii in France.[4]
- Large-scale studies on onychomycosis conducted in the US and Canada in the late 1990s showed a prevalence rate of 14000 per 100,000 persons and 8000 per 100,000, respectively. In Europe, the prevalence rate is even more variable, with 2700 per 100,000 in the UK and Spain, 8400 per 100,000 in Finland, 12400 per 100,000 in Germany and 16800 per 100,000 in France in a more recent study.
| Most common dermatophytosis | Agent | Region | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tinea pedis plus onychomycosis | T. rubrum | Europe | UK |
| Sweden | |||
| Germany | |||
| Belgium | |||
| Poland | |||
| Slovakia | |||
| Spain | |||
| Greece | |||
| Middle East | Turkey | ||
| Iran | |||
| North and Central America | USA | ||
| Mexico | |||
| Asia | Japan | ||
| Tinea corporis | T. mentagrophytes | Middle East | Lebanon |
| Saudi Arabia | |||
| T. verrucosum | Northern Iran | ||
| M. canis | Europe | Italy | |
| T. rubrum | Asia | India | |
| Tinea capitis | T. tonsurans | Carribean | Haiti |
| M. audouinii | Africa | Mali | |
| T. soudanense + T. tonsurans | Nigeria | ||
| M. audouinii | Senegal | ||
| T. soudanense | Ethiopia | ||
| T. violaceum | Botswana |
References
- ↑ Havlickova B, Czaika VA, Friedrich M (2008). "Epidemiological trends in skin mycoses worldwide". Mycoses. 51 Suppl 4: 2–15. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01606.x. PMID 18783559.
- ↑ Pires CA, Cruz NF, Lobato AM, Sousa PO, Carneiro FR, Mendes AM (2014). "Clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic profile of dermatophytosis". An Bras Dermatol. 89 (2): 259–64. PMC 4008056. PMID 24770502.
- ↑ Ginter-Hanselmayer G, Weger W, Ilkit M, Smolle J (2007). "Epidemiology of tinea capitis in Europe: current state and changing patterns". Mycoses. 50 Suppl 2: 6–13. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2007.01424.x. PMID 17681048.
- ↑ Ginter-Hanselmayer G, Weger W, Ilkit M, Smolle J (2007). "Epidemiology of tinea capitis in Europe: current state and changing patterns". Mycoses. 50 Suppl 2: 6–13. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2007.01424.x. PMID 17681048.