Echinococcosis surgery

Echinococcosis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Surgery

Indications for PAIR

Patients with:

• Non-echoic lesion ≥ 5 cm in diameter (CE1m and l)
• Cysts with daughter cysts (CE2), and/or with detachment of membranes (CE3)
• Multiple cysts if accessible to puncture
• Infected cysts
• Pregnant women
• Children >3 years old
• Patients who fail to respond to chemotherapy alone
• Patients in whom surgery is contraindicated
• Patient who refuse surgery
• Patients who relapse after surgery

PAIR Protocol

The critical points in the PAIR protocol can be summarized below