Chronic diarrhea physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Physical examination== | ==Physical examination== | ||
There are severel features that can be identified on the physical examination of a patient with chronic diarrhea. These features can help to identify the cause and management of the disease.<ref name="Schiller2012">{{cite journal|last1=Schiller|first1=Lawrence R.|title=Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea|journal=Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology|volume=26|issue=5|year=2012|pages=551–562|issn=15216918|doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011}}</ref> | |||
===Appearance of the patient=== | ===Appearance of the patient=== | ||
* Patient appears [[Ill feeling|ill]], [[lethargic]] and [[dehydrated]] | * Patient appears [[Ill feeling|ill]], [[lethargic]] and [[dehydrated]] | ||
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* [[Orthostasis]] | * [[Orthostasis]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Hypotension]] | ||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
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* [[Urticaria pigmentosa]] | * [[Urticaria pigmentosa]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Dermatographism]] | ||
* [[Hyperpigmentation]] seen with [[Addison's disease|addison disease]] | * [[Hyperpigmentation]] seen with [[Addison's disease|addison disease]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Dermatitis herpetiformis]] seen with [[celiac disease]] | ||
* Migratory necrotizing erythema seen with [[glucagonoma]] | * Migratory necrotizing erythema seen with [[glucagonoma]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Flushing]] seen with [[carcinoid syndrome]] | ||
===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
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===Neck=== | ===Neck=== | ||
* [[Thyroid nodule]] | * [[Thyroid nodule]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Lymphadenopathy]] in case of [[hyperthyroidism]] | ||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
* [[ | * [[Wheezing]] in [[carcinoid syndrome]] | ||
===Heart=== | ===Heart=== | ||
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* [[Hepatomegaly]], | * [[Hepatomegaly]], | ||
* | * [[Abdominal bruit|Abdominal bruit]] | ||
===Genitourinary=== | ===Genitourinary=== | ||
Revision as of 16:16, 25 July 2017
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Chronic diarrhea Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
Some of the physical findings of chronic diarrhea are orthostatic hypotension, dehydration, neuropathy, muscle wasting, edema, malnutrition, urticaria pigmentosa, dermatographism, pinch purpura, macroglossia, hyperpigmentation, addison’s disease, migratory necrotizing erythema.
Physical examination
There are severel features that can be identified on the physical examination of a patient with chronic diarrhea. These features can help to identify the cause and management of the disease.[1]
Appearance of the patient
- Patient appears ill, lethargic and dehydrated
Vital Signs
Skin
- Hyperpigmentation seen with addison disease
- Dermatitis herpetiformis seen with celiac disease
- Migratory necrotizing erythema seen with glucagonoma
- Flushing seen with carcinoid syndrome
HEENT
Neck
- Thyroid nodule
- Lymphadenopathy in case of hyperthyroidism
Lungs
Heart
Abdomen
Genitourinary
- Anal sphincter weakness
Extremities
- Lid lag seen with hyperthyroidism
Neuromuscular
References
- ↑ Schiller, Lawrence R. (2012). "Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea". Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology. 26 (5): 551–562. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011. ISSN 1521-6918.