Pituitary apoplexy causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Pituitary [[apoplexy]] is most commonly caused by [[bleeding]] into the pituitary from a noncancerous [[tumor]] of the [[pituitary]]. When this bleeding occurs in a woman during or immediately after childbirth, it is called [[Sheehan syndrome]]. | Pituitary [[apoplexy]] is most commonly caused by [[bleeding]] into the pituitary from a noncancerous [[tumor]] of the [[pituitary]]. When this [[bleeding]] occurs in a woman during or immediately after [[childbirth]], it is called [[Sheehan syndrome]]. Other conditions causing [[pituitary apoplexy]] are [[coagulopathy]], major [[surgery]], [[hypertension]], drugs such as [[Dopamine agonist|dopamine receptor agonist]], GnRH agonist [[Antiplatelet drug|antiplatelet]] and [[thrombolytic therapy]]. | ||
==Common causes== | ==Common causes== | ||
The most common cause of pituitary apoplexy is [[pituitary adenoma]] (a [[benign]] [[tumor]] of [[pituitary gland]]). Other common causes include: | |||
*Coagulopathy | *Coagulopathy<ref name="BaruahRanabir2011">{{cite journal|last1=Baruah|first1=ManashP|last2=Ranabir|first2=Salam|title=Pituitary apoplexy|journal=Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism|volume=15|issue=7|year=2011|pages=188|issn=2230-8210|doi=10.4103/2230-8210.84862}}</ref> | ||
*Surgery predisposing to hypotension | *[[Surgery]] predisposing to [[hypotension]] | ||
== | *[[Systemic hypertension]]<ref name="pmid21044119">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rajasekaran S, Vanderpump M, Baldeweg S, Drake W, Reddy N, Lanyon M, Markey A, Plant G, Powell M, Sinha S, Wass J |title=UK guidelines for the management of pituitary apoplexy |journal=Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) |volume=74 |issue=1 |pages=9–20 |year=2011 |pmid=21044119 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03913.x |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Drugs | |||
**[[Antiplatelet agents|Antiplatelet therapy]] | |||
**[[Thrombolytic therapy]] | |||
**[[Dopamine agonist|Dopamine receptor agonist]] | |||
**[[GnRH agonist|GnRH agonists]] | |||
**[[Estrogen replacement therapy]] | |||
*[[Pregnancy]] and [[Postpartum|post partum]] | |||
*[[Hormonal]] stimulation of pituitary with [[Thyrotropin-releasing hormone|TRH]], [[Gonadotropin-releasing hormone|GnRH]] and [[Corticotropin-releasing hormone|CRH]] | |||
==Less common causes== | |||
*Head injury | *Head injury | ||
*Radiation therapy | *Radiation therapy | ||
*Pituitary surgery | *Pituitary surgery | ||
Revision as of 19:18, 26 July 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Pituitary apoplexy is most commonly caused by bleeding into the pituitary from a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary. When this bleeding occurs in a woman during or immediately after childbirth, it is called Sheehan syndrome. Other conditions causing pituitary apoplexy are coagulopathy, major surgery, hypertension, drugs such as dopamine receptor agonist, GnRH agonist antiplatelet and thrombolytic therapy.
Common causes
The most common cause of pituitary apoplexy is pituitary adenoma (a benign tumor of pituitary gland). Other common causes include:
- Coagulopathy[1]
- Surgery predisposing to hypotension
- Systemic hypertension[2]
- Drugs
- Pregnancy and post partum
- Hormonal stimulation of pituitary with TRH, GnRH and CRH
Less common causes
- Head injury
- Radiation therapy
- Pituitary surgery
References
- ↑ Baruah, ManashP; Ranabir, Salam (2011). "Pituitary apoplexy". Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 15 (7): 188. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.84862. ISSN 2230-8210.
- ↑ Rajasekaran S, Vanderpump M, Baldeweg S, Drake W, Reddy N, Lanyon M, Markey A, Plant G, Powell M, Sinha S, Wass J (2011). "UK guidelines for the management of pituitary apoplexy". Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf). 74 (1): 9–20. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2010.03913.x. PMID 21044119.