Acute viral nasopharyngitis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{AY}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{AY}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Usually, patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis appear ill. Physical examination of patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis is usually remarkable for | Usually, patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis appear ill. Physical examination of patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis is usually remarkable for [[runny nose]], hyperemic nasal [[mucosa]], and mild [[Lymphadenopathy|cervical lymphadenopathy]]. | ||
==Physical examination== | ==Physical examination== | ||
The common cold is defined as nose [[inflammation]] along with various degrees of [[pharynx]] [[inflammation]].<ref name="pmid12517470">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heikkinen T, Järvinen A |title=The common cold |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9351 |pages=51–9 |year=2003 |pmid=12517470 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Appearance of the patient=== | ===Appearance of the patient=== | ||
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===Vital signs=== | ===Vital signs=== | ||
====Temperature==== | ====Temperature==== | ||
*[[Fever]] is not present | *[[Fever]] is not usually present. [[Fever]] points more toward [[influenza]] than acute viral nasopharyngitis. | ||
====Blood pressure==== | ====Blood pressure==== | ||
* [[Blood pressure]] | * [[Blood pressure]] usually remains within normal limits. | ||
====Pulse rate==== | ====Pulse rate==== | ||
* [[Pulse]] may be normal or increased | * [[Pulse]] may be normal or increased due to [[infection]]. | ||
====Respiration rate==== | ====Respiration rate==== | ||
*[[Tachypnea]] may be present. | *[[Tachypnea]] may be present. | ||
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*[[Conjunctiva|Conjunctivae]] may be congested, with [[Tears|tearing]] of both eyes. | *[[Conjunctiva|Conjunctivae]] may be congested, with [[Tears|tearing]] of both eyes. | ||
===Head=== | ===Head=== | ||
*[[Tenderness]] of [[sinuses]] may be elicited | *[[Tenderness]] of [[sinuses]] may be elicited if [[sinusitis]] is present. | ||
*[[Cervical lymph nodes]] may be enlarged without [[Tenderness (medicine)|tenderness]]. | *[[Cervical lymph nodes]] may be enlarged without [[Tenderness (medicine)|tenderness]]. | ||
===Nose=== | ===Nose=== | ||
*[[Nasal mucosa]] is usually red and hyperemic. | *[[Nasal mucosa]] is usually red and hyperemic. | ||
*[[Discharge]] may be in various colors, from yellow to green. However, | *[[Discharge]] may be in various colors, from yellow to green. However, the color of discharge gives no indication of the causative organism.<ref name="pmid12517470">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heikkinen T, Järvinen A |title=The common cold |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9351 |pages=51–9 |year=2003 |pmid=12517470 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Throat=== | ===Throat=== | ||
*[[ | *The [[pharynx]] usually is normal on inspection. However, it may get inflamed with the spread of the [[infection]].<ref name="pmid16253889">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eccles R |title=Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza |journal=Lancet Infect Dis |volume=5 |issue=11 |pages=718–25 |year=2005 |pmid=16253889 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
*Lungs are typically clear to [[auscultation]]. | *Lungs are typically clear to [[auscultation]]. | ||
*[[Crackles]] and [[rhonchi]] may be found | *[[Crackles]] and [[rhonchi]] may be found if [[lower respiratory tract infection]] and [[pneumonia]] are present. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 15:42, 9 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Usually, patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis appear ill. Physical examination of patients with acute viral nasopharyngitis is usually remarkable for runny nose, hyperemic nasal mucosa, and mild cervical lymphadenopathy.
Physical examination
The common cold is defined as nose inflammation along with various degrees of pharynx inflammation.[1]
Appearance of the patient
Patient usually appears ill.
Vital signs
Temperature
Blood pressure
- Blood pressure usually remains within normal limits.
Pulse rate
Respiration rate
- Tachypnea may be present.
Eyes
- Conjunctivae may be congested, with tearing of both eyes.
Head
- Tenderness of sinuses may be elicited if sinusitis is present.
- Cervical lymph nodes may be enlarged without tenderness.
Nose
- Nasal mucosa is usually red and hyperemic.
- Discharge may be in various colors, from yellow to green. However, the color of discharge gives no indication of the causative organism.[1]
Throat
- The pharynx usually is normal on inspection. However, it may get inflamed with the spread of the infection.[2]
Lungs
- Lungs are typically clear to auscultation.
- Crackles and rhonchi may be found if lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia are present.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Heikkinen T, Järvinen A (2003). "The common cold". Lancet. 361 (9351): 51–9. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9. PMID 12517470.
- ↑ Eccles R (2005). "Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza". Lancet Infect Dis. 5 (11): 718–25. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X. PMID 16253889.