Glucagonoma natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
*If left untreated, patients with glucagonoma may progress to develop [[necrolytic migratory erythema]], [[cheilosis]], [[stomatitis]], [[diarrhea]], [[polyuria]], and [[polydipsia]]. | *If left untreated, patients with glucagonoma may progress to develop [[necrolytic migratory erythema]], [[cheilosis]], [[stomatitis]], [[diarrhea]], [[polyuria]], and [[polydipsia]]. | ||
*Glucagonoma | *Glucagonoma has a very slow growth rate compared to most malignant tumors. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
'''PROGNOSIS''' | '''PROGNOSIS''' | ||
* Glucagonomas are generally slow-growing but are usually advanced by the time of diagnosis. | |||
Glucagonomas are generally slow-growing but are usually advanced by the time of diagnosis. | * Age, grade, and distant metastases are the most significant predictors of survival. | ||
* Five- and 10-year survival rates for patients undergoing resection of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.<ref name="pmid8606627">{{cite journal| author=Wermers RA, Fatourechi V, Wynne AG, Kvols LK, Lloyd RV| title=The glucagonoma syndrome. Clinical and pathologic features in 21 patients. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 1996 | volume= 75 | issue= 2 | pages= 53-63 | pmid=8606627 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8606627 }}</ref> | |||
* Sixty percent of glucagonomas are malignant. Once the tumor is metastatic, the cure is rare. | |||
Prognosis of glucagonoma depends on the following: | |||
Age, grade, and distant metastases are the most significant predictors of survival. | |||
Five- and 10-year survival rates for patients undergoing resection of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.<ref name="pmid8606627">{{cite journal| author=Wermers RA, Fatourechi V, Wynne AG, Kvols LK, Lloyd RV| title=The glucagonoma syndrome. Clinical and pathologic features in 21 patients. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 1996 | volume= 75 | issue= 2 | pages= 53-63 | pmid=8606627 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8606627 }}</ref> | |||
*Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery | *Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery | ||
*The stage of the tumor, the size of the tumor, whether cancer has spread outside the pancreas | *The stage of the tumor, the size of the tumor, whether cancer has spread outside the pancreas | ||
*The patient’s general health | *The patient’s general health | ||
*Whether the tumor has just been diagnosed or has recurred | *Whether the tumor has just been diagnosed or has recurred | ||
*The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with glucagonoma. The 10-year event free survival rate is less than 51.6% with metastasis and 64.3% without metastasis | *The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with glucagonoma. | ||
*The 10-year event free survival rate is less than 51.6% with metastasis and 64.3% without metastasis. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
Overview
If left untreated, patients with glucagonoma may progress to develop necrolytic migratory erythema, cheilosis, stomatitis, diarrhea, polyuria, and polydipsia. The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with glucagonoma. The 10 year event free survival rate is less than 51.6% with metastasis and 64.3% without metastasis.
Natural History
- If left untreated, patients with glucagonoma may progress to develop necrolytic migratory erythema, cheilosis, stomatitis, diarrhea, polyuria, and polydipsia.
- Glucagonoma has a very slow growth rate compared to most malignant tumors.
Prognosis
PROGNOSIS
- Glucagonomas are generally slow-growing but are usually advanced by the time of diagnosis.
- Age, grade, and distant metastases are the most significant predictors of survival.
- Five- and 10-year survival rates for patients undergoing resection of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.[1]
- Sixty percent of glucagonomas are malignant. Once the tumor is metastatic, the cure is rare.
Prognosis of glucagonoma depends on the following:
- Whether or not the tumor can be removed by surgery
- The stage of the tumor, the size of the tumor, whether cancer has spread outside the pancreas
- The patient’s general health
- Whether the tumor has just been diagnosed or has recurred
- The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with glucagonoma.
- The 10-year event free survival rate is less than 51.6% with metastasis and 64.3% without metastasis.
References
- ↑ Wermers RA, Fatourechi V, Wynne AG, Kvols LK, Lloyd RV (1996). "The glucagonoma syndrome. Clinical and pathologic features in 21 patients". Medicine (Baltimore). 75 (2): 53–63. PMID 8606627.