Protein energy malnutrition historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The first clinical description of protein energy malnutrition was made in 1865 in Spanish which led to little dissemination of the information. In 1932, [[kwashiorkor]] was first described by Dr. Cicely Williams, working with African children on the Gold Coast. The word [[kwashiorkor]] | The first clinical description of protein-energy malnutrition was made in 1865 in Spanish language which led to little dissemination of the information. In 1932, [[kwashiorkor]] was first described by Dr. Cicely Williams, working with African children on the Gold Coast. The word [[kwashiorkor]] comes from the Ga language of Accra, Ghana meaning the '[[disease]] of the deposed baby when the next one is born'. The term [[marasmus]] is derived from the Greek word 'marasmos', which means [[Withering abalone syndrome|withering]] or [[wasting]]. | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
*Prior to 1959 | *Prior to 1959, the term protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), or protein-calorie malnutrition was attributed principally to [[dietary]] [[deficiency]] and therefore it could be [[Prevention (medical)|prevented]] or treated by [[dietary]] measures alone.<ref name="pmid12514322">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keusch GT |title=The history of nutrition: malnutrition, infection and immunity |journal=J. Nutr. |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=336S–340S |year=2003 |pmid=12514322 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*The [[disease]] called [[kwashiorkor]] in the Ga language of Accra, Ghana means ‘the disease of the deposed baby’. The term signifies | *The [[disease]] called [[kwashiorkor]] in the Ga language of Accra, Ghana means ‘the disease of the deposed baby’. The term signifies [[Illness|sickness]] an elder child may suffer from when a younger one is born. | ||
*In 1932, [[kwashiorkor]] was first described by Dr Cicely Williams, working with African children on the Gold Coast. | *In 1932, [[kwashiorkor]] was first described by Dr Cicely Williams, working with African children on the Gold Coast. | ||
*Williams identified a relationship between the [[Low-protein diet|low-protein maize diet]] of the children and the occurrence of the [[syndrome]]. | *Williams identified a relationship between the [[Low-protein diet|low-protein maize diet]] of the children and the occurrence of the [[syndrome]]. | ||
*In 1933, classical [[kwashiorkor]] was first described in the literature as a ‘well marked [[syndrome]] of the deposed infant’. | *In 1933, classical [[kwashiorkor]] was first described in the literature as a ‘well-marked [[syndrome]] of the deposed infant’. | ||
*In the 1950s [[kwashiorkor]] | *In the 1950s [[kwashiorkor]] became a major topic of debate in medicine, in South Africa and also in the international arena. | ||
*Into the 1970s, [[nutritionists]] focused on the development of [[High protein diet|high protein foods]] for [[weaning]]. | *Into the 1970s, [[nutritionists]] focused on the development of [[High protein diet|high protein foods]] for [[weaning]]. | ||
*The term [[marasmus]] is derived from the Greek word 'marasmos', which means [[Withering abalone syndrome|withering]] or [[wasting]]. | *The term [[marasmus]] is derived from the Greek word 'marasmos', which means [[Withering abalone syndrome|withering]] or [[wasting]]. | ||
Revision as of 16:10, 18 September 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
The first clinical description of protein-energy malnutrition was made in 1865 in Spanish language which led to little dissemination of the information. In 1932, kwashiorkor was first described by Dr. Cicely Williams, working with African children on the Gold Coast. The word kwashiorkor comes from the Ga language of Accra, Ghana meaning the 'disease of the deposed baby when the next one is born'. The term marasmus is derived from the Greek word 'marasmos', which means withering or wasting.
Historical Perspective
- Prior to 1959, the term protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), or protein-calorie malnutrition was attributed principally to dietary deficiency and therefore it could be prevented or treated by dietary measures alone.[1]
- The disease called kwashiorkor in the Ga language of Accra, Ghana means ‘the disease of the deposed baby’. The term signifies sickness an elder child may suffer from when a younger one is born.
- In 1932, kwashiorkor was first described by Dr Cicely Williams, working with African children on the Gold Coast.
- Williams identified a relationship between the low-protein maize diet of the children and the occurrence of the syndrome.
- In 1933, classical kwashiorkor was first described in the literature as a ‘well-marked syndrome of the deposed infant’.
- In the 1950s kwashiorkor became a major topic of debate in medicine, in South Africa and also in the international arena.
- Into the 1970s, nutritionists focused on the development of high protein foods for weaning.
- The term marasmus is derived from the Greek word 'marasmos', which means withering or wasting.