Protein energy malnutrition history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
===History=== | ===History=== | ||
The history of protein energy malnutrition includes a failure to thrive in children under 1 year of age especially after they have just been weaned of breast milk. It is important to take a detailed history of the kind of food that the infant eats. The infant is usually found to eat a meal that is deficient in protein. A history of recurrent infections is usually present due to a poorly developed immune system and living in crowded environment. Changes in skin with flaking like a paint wall is usually reported by the mother of the infant. | The history of protein energy malnutrition includes a [[failure to thrive]] in children under 1 year of [[age]] especially after they have just been [[Weaning|weaned]] of [[breast milk]]. It is important to take a detailed [[History & Symptoms|history]] of the kind of [[food]] that the [[infant]] eats. The [[infant]] is usually found to eat a meal that is deficient in [[protein]]. A history of [[Infections|recurrent infections]] is usually present due to a [[Immune system|poorly developed immune system]] and living in crowded environment. [[Skin changes|Changes in skin]] with flaking like a paint wall is usually reported by the mother of the [[infant]]. | ||
===Common symptoms=== | ===Common symptoms=== | ||
Common symptoms of protein energy malnutrition include:<ref name="Uwaegbute1991">{{cite journal|last1=Uwaegbute|first1=Ada C.|title=Weaning practices and weaning foods of the Hausas, Yorubas and Ibos of Nigeria|journal=Ecology of Food and Nutrition|volume=26|issue=2|year=1991|pages=139–153|issn=0367-0244|doi=10.1080/03670244.1991.9991197}}</ref> | Common symptoms of protein energy malnutrition include:<ref name="Uwaegbute1991">{{cite journal|last1=Uwaegbute|first1=Ada C.|title=Weaning practices and weaning foods of the Hausas, Yorubas and Ibos of Nigeria|journal=Ecology of Food and Nutrition|volume=26|issue=2|year=1991|pages=139–153|issn=0367-0244|doi=10.1080/03670244.1991.9991197}}</ref> | ||
*Failure to thrive | *[[Failure to thrive]] | ||
*Fatigue | *[[Fatigue]] | ||
*Irritability | *[[Irritability]] | ||
*Changes in skin and hair pigment | *[[Skin changes|Changes in skin]] and [[Hair|hair pigment]] | ||
*Decreased muscle mass | *[[Atrophy|Decreased muscle mass]] | ||
*Diarrhea | *[[Diarrhea]] | ||
*Increased and more severe infections due to damaged immune system | *Increased and more [[Infections|severe infections]] due to damaged [[immune system]] | ||
*Edema | *[[Edema]] | ||
*Hepatomegaly | *[[Hepatomegaly]] | ||
===Less common symptoms=== | ===Less common symptoms=== | ||
Less common symptoms seen in patients with protein | Less common symptoms seen in patients with protein energy malnutrition include: | ||
*Nail fissuring | *[[Nail Disorders|Nail fissuring]] | ||
*Shock | *[[Shock]] | ||
* | *Abdominal distension | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 12:21, 9 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
The history of protein energy malnutrition includes a failure to thrive in children under 1 year of age especially after they have just been weaned of breast milk. Some common signs and symptoms include failure to thrive, fatigue, irritability, changes in skin and hair pigment, decreased muscle mass, diarrhea, increased and more severe infections due to damaged immune system, edema and hepatomegaly.
History and Symptoms
History
The history of protein energy malnutrition includes a failure to thrive in children under 1 year of age especially after they have just been weaned of breast milk. It is important to take a detailed history of the kind of food that the infant eats. The infant is usually found to eat a meal that is deficient in protein. A history of recurrent infections is usually present due to a poorly developed immune system and living in crowded environment. Changes in skin with flaking like a paint wall is usually reported by the mother of the infant.
Common symptoms
Common symptoms of protein energy malnutrition include:[1]
- Failure to thrive
- Fatigue
- Irritability
- Changes in skin and hair pigment
- Decreased muscle mass
- Diarrhea
- Increased and more severe infections due to damaged immune system
- Edema
- Hepatomegaly
Less common symptoms
Less common symptoms seen in patients with protein energy malnutrition include:
- Nail fissuring
- Shock
- Abdominal distension
References
- ↑ Uwaegbute, Ada C. (1991). "Weaning practices and weaning foods of the Hausas, Yorubas and Ibos of Nigeria". Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 26 (2): 139–153. doi:10.1080/03670244.1991.9991197. ISSN 0367-0244.