Gynecomastia physical examination: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Gynecomastia}} | {{Gynecomastia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}Husnain Shaukat, M.D. | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Patients with gynecomastia are usually asymptomatic. Common physical examination findings of gynecomastia include breast enlargement and tenderness. | Patients with gynecomastia are usually [[asymptomatic]]. Common physical examination findings of gynecomastia include [[breast enlargement]] and [[tenderness]]. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
*Patients with gynecomastia are usually well-appearing and asymptomatic.<ref name="pmid25905330">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng JCM |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=25905330 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Patients with gynecomastia are usually well-appearing and [[asymptomatic]].<ref name="pmid25905330">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng JCM |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=25905330 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
* | *[[Vital|Vitally]] stable. | ||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*Gynecomastia has no significant skin finding. | *Gynecomastia has no significant skin finding. | ||
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
*No significant findings. | *No significant findings. | ||
===Chest=== | ===Chest=== | ||
*Breast enlargement<ref name="pmid25905330">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng JCM |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=25905330 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *[[Breast enlargement]]<ref name="pmid25905330">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng JCM |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=25905330 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Size of a nipple-areolar complex may be increased in some patients. | *Size of a [[nipple]]-[[areolar]] complex may be increased in some patients. | ||
*Breast tenderness | *Breast [[tenderness]] | ||
*Glandular tissue is centrally located and usually bilateral. | *[[Glandular tissue]] is centrally located and usually bilateral. | ||
*Gynecomastia can be differentiated from pseudo gynecomastia by placing the thumb and index finger on opposite sides of the breast and brought towards the nipple-areolar complex. Gynecomastia is diagnosed as firm, mobile mass located beneath the areola. Psedudogynecomastia doesn't have any discrete mass | *Gynecomastia can be differentiated from pseudo gynecomastia by placing the thumb and index finger on opposite sides of the breast and brought towards the nipple-areolar complex. Gynecomastia is diagnosed as firm, mobile mass located beneath the areola. | ||
*Psedudogynecomastia doesn't have any discrete mass, thumb and [[index finger]] will not reach until they reach the nipple.<ref name="pmid17881754">{{cite journal| author=Braunstein GD| title=Clinical practice. Gynecomastia. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2007 | volume= 357 | issue= 12 | pages= 1229-37 | pmid=17881754 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp070677 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17881754 }} </ref> | |||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
Revision as of 20:23, 15 August 2017
|
Gynecomastia Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Gynecomastia physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Gynecomastia physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Gynecomastia physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Husnain Shaukat, M.D.
Overview
Patients with gynecomastia are usually asymptomatic. Common physical examination findings of gynecomastia include breast enlargement and tenderness.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with gynecomastia are usually well-appearing and asymptomatic.[1]
Vital Signs
- Vitally stable.
Skin
- Gynecomastia has no significant skin finding.
HEENT
- No significant findings.
Neck
- No significant findings.
Chest
- Breast enlargement[1]
- Size of a nipple-areolar complex may be increased in some patients.
- Breast tenderness
- Glandular tissue is centrally located and usually bilateral.
- Gynecomastia can be differentiated from pseudo gynecomastia by placing the thumb and index finger on opposite sides of the breast and brought towards the nipple-areolar complex. Gynecomastia is diagnosed as firm, mobile mass located beneath the areola.
- Psedudogynecomastia doesn't have any discrete mass, thumb and index finger will not reach until they reach the nipple.[2]
Lungs
- No significant finding.
Heart
- No significant finding.
Abdomen
- No significant finding.
Back
- No significant finding.
Genitourinary
- No significant finding.
Neuromuscular
- No significant finding.
Extremities
- No significant finding.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng J. PMID 25905330. Vancouver style error: initials (help); Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Braunstein GD (2007). "Clinical practice. Gynecomastia". N Engl J Med. 357 (12): 1229–37. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp070677. PMID 17881754.