Thyroid nodule epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==== Incidence ==== | ==== Incidence ==== | ||
The incidence of thyroid cancer is estimated to be 48,288 cases annually in United states. | |||
Worldwide, the incidence of thyroid cancer ranges from a low of 40,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 71,000 per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of 50,000 per 100,000 persons. | |||
There is a large increase worldwide in the incidence of thyroid cancers. It is likely to be due to:24557566 27532827 | |||
* The use of head and neck external beam radiation, commonly used to treat benign childhood conditions between 1910 and 1960 | |||
* The increased detection of small papillary cancers secondary to more widespread use of neck ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of very small thyroid nodules | |||
In developed countries, the prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer ranges from a low of 4.8 per 100,000 persons to a high of 14.9 per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of 10 per 100,000 persons. | |||
==== Race ==== | ==== Race ==== | ||
There is a large increase worldwide in the incidence of thyroid cancers. The largest increase in thyroid cancer incidence has been observed in South Korea: | There is a large increase worldwide in the incidence of thyroid cancers. The largest increase in thyroid cancer incidence has been observed in South Korea: | ||
In 1993-1997, the incidence of thyroid cancer was estimated to be 12.2 cases per 100,000 individuals, while in 2003-2007, the incidence of thyroid cancer increased and was estimated to be 59.9 cases per 100,000 individuals. | In 1993-1997, the incidence of thyroid cancer was estimated to be 12.2 cases per 100,000 individuals, while in 2003-2007, the incidence of thyroid cancer increased and was estimated to be 59.9 cases per 100,000 individuals. | ||
Thyroid cancer is recognized as the most common cancer among women in South Korea. 26133012 | Thyroid cancer is recognized as the most common cancer among women in South Korea. 26133012 | ||
==== Prevalence ==== | ==== Prevalence ==== | ||
Thyroid nodules are common, their prevalence being largely dependent on the identification method.8885814 | Thyroid nodules are common, their prevalence being largely dependent on the identification method.8885814 | ||
In United States, the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by palpation alone ranges from a low of 4,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 7,000 per 100,000 persons, while the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by ultrasound ranges from a low of 20,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 76,000 per 100,000 persons. 8426623 .25041951 | In United States, the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by palpation alone ranges from a low of 4,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 7,000 per 100,000 persons, while the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by ultrasound ranges from a low of 20,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 76,000 per 100,000 persons. 8426623 .25041951 | ||
In United States, the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by surgery or autopsy ranges from a low of 50,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 65,000 per 100,000 persons, that correlate more with the prevalence detected by ultrasound.25041951 | In United States, the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by surgery or autopsy ranges from a low of 50,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 65,000 per 100,000 persons, that correlate more with the prevalence detected by ultrasound.25041951 | ||
Worldwide, the prevalence of palpable thyroid nodule is approximately 5,000 per 100,000 in women and 1,000 per 100,000 in men living in iodine-sufficient parts of the world, and the prevalence of ultrasound detected thyroid nodules ranges from as low as 19,000 per 100,000 to as high as 68,000 per 100,000. | Worldwide, the prevalence of palpable thyroid nodule is approximately 5,000 per 100,000 in women and 1,000 per 100,000 in men living in iodine-sufficient parts of the world, and the prevalence of ultrasound detected thyroid nodules ranges from as low as 19,000 per 100,000 to as high as 68,000 per 100,000. | ||
In the United States, 4 to 7 percent of the adult population have a palpable thyroid nodule | In the United States, 4 to 7 percent of the adult population have a palpable thyroid nodule | ||
==== Age ==== | ==== Age ==== | ||
Thyroid nodules commonly affects individuals younger than 20 and older than 50 years of age. 27532827 | |||
There is no association between the thyroid cancer development in a previous patient with the thyroid nodule and the age. PMC3939581 11600519 | |||
==== Sex ==== | ==== Sex ==== | ||
Females are more commonly affected with thyroid nodules than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1. | Females are more commonly affected with thyroid nodules than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1. | ||
Males are more commonly affected with aggressive thyroid neoplasms and have a more fatality rate than women. | Males are more commonly affected with aggressive thyroid neoplasms and have a more fatality rate than women. | ||
Females are more commonly affected with follicular thyroid lesions than males. | Females are more commonly affected with follicular thyroid lesions than males. | ||
24857573 | |||
==== Developed countries ==== | ==== Developed countries ==== | ||
Revision as of 19:56, 15 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
The incidence of thyroid cancer is estimated to be 48,288 cases annually in United states. Worldwide, the incidence of thyroid cancer ranges from a low of 40,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 71,000 per 100,000 persons with an average incidence of 50,000 per 100,000 persons. There is a large increase worldwide in the incidence of thyroid cancers. It is likely to be due to:24557566 27532827
- The use of head and neck external beam radiation, commonly used to treat benign childhood conditions between 1910 and 1960
- The increased detection of small papillary cancers secondary to more widespread use of neck ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of very small thyroid nodules
In developed countries, the prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer ranges from a low of 4.8 per 100,000 persons to a high of 14.9 per 100,000 persons with an average prevalence of 10 per 100,000 persons.
Race
There is a large increase worldwide in the incidence of thyroid cancers. The largest increase in thyroid cancer incidence has been observed in South Korea: In 1993-1997, the incidence of thyroid cancer was estimated to be 12.2 cases per 100,000 individuals, while in 2003-2007, the incidence of thyroid cancer increased and was estimated to be 59.9 cases per 100,000 individuals. Thyroid cancer is recognized as the most common cancer among women in South Korea. 26133012
Prevalence
Thyroid nodules are common, their prevalence being largely dependent on the identification method.8885814 In United States, the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by palpation alone ranges from a low of 4,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 7,000 per 100,000 persons, while the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by ultrasound ranges from a low of 20,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 76,000 per 100,000 persons. 8426623 .25041951 In United States, the prevalence of thyroid nodule detected by surgery or autopsy ranges from a low of 50,000 per 100,000 persons to a high of 65,000 per 100,000 persons, that correlate more with the prevalence detected by ultrasound.25041951 Worldwide, the prevalence of palpable thyroid nodule is approximately 5,000 per 100,000 in women and 1,000 per 100,000 in men living in iodine-sufficient parts of the world, and the prevalence of ultrasound detected thyroid nodules ranges from as low as 19,000 per 100,000 to as high as 68,000 per 100,000. In the United States, 4 to 7 percent of the adult population have a palpable thyroid nodule
Age
Thyroid nodules commonly affects individuals younger than 20 and older than 50 years of age. 27532827 There is no association between the thyroid cancer development in a previous patient with the thyroid nodule and the age. PMC3939581 11600519
Sex
Females are more commonly affected with thyroid nodules than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1. Males are more commonly affected with aggressive thyroid neoplasms and have a more fatality rate than women. Females are more commonly affected with follicular thyroid lesions than males. 24857573
Developed countries
Developing countries
[1] 2 to 4 per 100,000 people per year, constituting only 1 percent of all cancers and 0.5 percent of all cancer deaths. [2][3]
References
- ↑ "Treatment Guidelines for Patients With Thyroid Nodules and Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer | JAMA Internal Medicine | The JAMA Network".
- ↑ Hegedüs L, Bonnema SJ, Bennedbaek FN (2003). "Management of simple nodular goiter: current status and future perspectives". Endocr. Rev. 24 (1): 102–32. doi:10.1210/er.2002-0016. PMID 12588812.
- ↑ Wong CK, Wheeler MH (2000). "Thyroid nodules: rational management". World J Surg. 24 (8): 934–41. PMID 10865037.