Sheehan's syndrome overview: Difference between revisions

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Overview
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Revision as of 18:18, 22 August 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Iqra Qamar M.D.[2]

Overview

Historical Perspective

Sheehan syndrome was first discovered by Leon Konrad Gliński about a century ago and it was named after Harold Sheehan(1900-1988).^[1]^[2]

Classification

There is no established system for the classification of Sheehan's syndrome.

Pathophysiology

Causes

Common causes of Sheehan's syndrome include massive hemorrhage, hypotension during pregnancy, vascular compression, and vascular occlusion(thrombosis, DIC). Less common causes include vascular insufficiency due to CABG in older patients and snake bites(Russell's viper bites).

Differentiating ((Page name)) from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

CT scan

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

References

↑ Template:WhoNamedIt
↑ H. L. Sheehan. Post-partum necrosis of anterior pituitary. The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, Chichester, 1937, 45: 189-214.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[1] Template:WhoNamedIt

[2] H. L. Sheehan. Post-partum necrosis of anterior pituitary. The Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, Chichester, 1937, 45: 189-214.

[1]

[2]

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 ==Differentiating ((Page name)) from Other Diseases==
-*Sheehan syndrome must be differentiated from lymphocytic hypophysitis, pituitary apoplexy, hypothyroidism, Addison's disease, panhypopititarism, empty sella syndrome, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Simmond's disease, hypoprolactinemia, menopause,female athlete triadand SAH.<ref name="pmid8325288">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rolih CA, Ober KP |title=Pituitary apoplexy |journal=Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=291–302 |year=1993 |pmid=8325288 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1520058">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vidal E, Cevallos R, Vidal J, Ravon R, Moreau JJ, Rogues AM, Loustaud V, Liozon F |title=Twelve cases of pituitary apoplexy |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=152 |issue=9 |pages=1893–9 |year=1992 |pmid=1520058 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8183446">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lazaro CM, Guo WY, Sami M, Hindmarsh T, Ericson K, Hulting AL, Wersäll J |title=Haemorrhagic pituitary tumours |journal=Neuroradiology |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=111–4 |year=1994 |pmid=8183446 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 ==Epidemiology and Demographics==
-*The incidence of Sheehan's syndrome is difficult to assess.<ref name="pmid303183">{{cite journal |vauthors=Asaoka K |title=[A study on the incidence of post-partum hypopituitarism, (Sheehan's syndrome)] |language=Japanese |journal=Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi |volume=53 |issue=7 |pages=895–909 |year=1977 |pmid=303183 |doi= |url=}}</ref> It was found to be the 6th most common cause of GH deficiency with an incidence of 3.1% of cases.<ref name="pmid10468941">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abs R, Bengtsson BA, Hernberg-Stâhl E, Monson JP, Tauber JP, Wilton P, Wüster C |title=GH replacement in 1034 growth hormone deficient hypopituitary adults: demographic and clinical characteristics, dosing and safety |journal=Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) |volume=50 |issue=6 |pages=703–13 |year=1999 |pmid=10468941 |doi= |url=}}</ref> In 2009, the prevalence of Sheehan's syndrome was estimated to be 5.1 per 100,000 women.It is less prevalent in developed countries due to better obstetrical care and maternal health awraeness.<ref name="pmid16213852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Feinberg EC, Molitch ME, Endres LK, Peaceman AM |title=The incidence of Sheehan's syndrome after obstetric hemorrhage |journal=Fertil. Steril. |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=975–9 |year=2005 |pmid=16213852 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.04.034 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26817341">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krysiak R, Okopień B |title=[Sheehan's syndrome--a forgotten disease with 100 years' history] |language=Polish |journal=Prz. Lek. |volume=72 |issue=6 |pages=313–20 |year=2015 |pmid=26817341 |doi= |url=}}</ref>.It is still one of the most common causes of hypopituitarism in developing countries.<ref name="pmid26817341">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krysiak R, Okopień B |title=[Sheehan's syndrome--a forgotten disease with 100 years' history] |language=Polish |journal=Prz. Lek. |volume=72 |issue=6 |pages=313–20 |year=2015 |pmid=26817341 |doi= |url=}}</ref>.
 ==Risk Factors==