Hypopituitarism causes: Difference between revisions
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*[[Sarcoidosis]] | *[[Sarcoidosis]] | ||
*[[Wegener's Granulomatosis]] | *[[Wegener's Granulomatosis]] | ||
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{{Hypopituitarism}} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! rowspan="5" |Hypothalmic | |||
!Mass lesions – Benign (craniopharyngiomas) and malignant tumors (metastatic from lung, breast, etc) | |||
|- | |||
|Radiation – For CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies | |||
|- | |||
|Infections – Tuberculous meningitis | |||
|- | |||
|Infiltrative lesions – Sarcoidosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis | |||
|- | |||
|Other – Traumatic brain injury, stroke | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="9" |Pituitary | |||
|Mass lesions – Pituitary adenomas, other benign tumors, cysts | |||
|- | |||
|Pituitary radiation | |||
|- | |||
|Pituitary surgery | |||
|- | |||
|Infection/abscess | |||
|- | |||
|Infiltrative lesions – Hypophysitis, hemochromatosis | |||
|- | |||
|Infarction – Sheehan syndrome | |||
|- | |||
|Apoplexy | |||
|- | |||
|Empty sella | |||
|- | |||
|Genetic mutations | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 03:08, 28 August 2017
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Hypopituitarism Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
|---|
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hypopituitarism causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypopituitarism causes |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypopituitarism causes |
| Hypothalmic | Mass lesions – Benign (craniopharyngiomas) and malignant tumors (metastatic from lung, breast, etc) |
|---|---|
| Radiation – For CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies | |
| Infections – Tuberculous meningitis | |
| Infiltrative lesions – Sarcoidosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis | |
| Other – Traumatic brain injury, stroke | |
| Pituitary | Mass lesions – Pituitary adenomas, other benign tumors, cysts |
| Pituitary radiation | |
| Pituitary surgery | |
| Infection/abscess | |
| Infiltrative lesions – Hypophysitis, hemochromatosis | |
| Infarction – Sheehan syndrome | |
| Apoplexy | |
| Empty sella | |
| Genetic mutations |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Cause
Common Causes
Hypopituitarism and panhypopituitarism can be congenital or acquired. A partial list of causes and forms:[1][2][3]
- Congenital hypopituitarism
- Hypoplasia of the pituitary
- Isolated idiopathic congenital hypopituitarism
- Associated with other congenital syndromes and birth defects
- Septo-optic dysplasia
- Holoprosencephaly
- Chromosome 22 deletion syndrome
- Rapaport syndrome
- Single gene defect forms of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency
- Hypoplasia of the pituitary
- Acquired hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease)
- Trauma (e.g., skull base fracture)
- Surgery (e.g., removal of pituitary neoplasm)
- Tumor - secretory and non-secretory (20%) pituitary or hypothalamic neoplasms, cause hypopituitarism by compressing the remaining tissue
- Inflammation (e.g. sarcoidosis or autoimmune hypophysitis)
- Radiation (e.g., after cranial irradiation for childhood leukemia)
- Shock
- (Sheehan's syndrome is hypopituitarism after heavy bleeding in childbirth)
- Hemochromatosis
- other diseases.
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Changes in body weight
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Emotional disorders
- Empty Sella Syndrome
- Habitual exercise
- Head Trauma
- Hemochromatosis
- Infection
- Fungal
- Malaria
- Meningitis
- Syphillis
- Tuberculosis
- Ischemic nerosis of the pituitary
- Anticoagulant therapy
- Arteriosclerosis
- Arteritis temporalis
- Blood dyscrasias
- Brain Trauma
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Eclampsia
- Increased cranial pressure
- Sheehan's Syndrome
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Tumor
- Iatrogenic
- Parasellar tumor/pituitary compression
- Craniopharyngioma
- Chromophobe adenoma
- Intracranial cartoid branch aneurysm
- Lymphoma
- Meningioma
- Metasteses
- Optic nerve neuroma
|
Hypopituitarism Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Hypopituitarism causes On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypopituitarism causes |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypopituitarism causes |
| Hypothalmic | Mass lesions – Benign (craniopharyngiomas) and malignant tumors (metastatic from lung, breast, etc) |
|---|---|
| Radiation – For CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies | |
| Infections – Tuberculous meningitis | |
| Infiltrative lesions – Sarcoidosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis | |
| Other – Traumatic brain injury, stroke | |
| Pituitary | Mass lesions – Pituitary adenomas, other benign tumors, cysts |
| Pituitary radiation | |
| Pituitary surgery | |
| Infection/abscess | |
| Infiltrative lesions – Hypophysitis, hemochromatosis | |
| Infarction – Sheehan syndrome | |
| Apoplexy | |
| Empty sella | |
| Genetic mutations |
References
- ↑ Schneider HJ, Aimaretti G, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Stalla GK, Ghigo E (2007). "Hypopituitarism". Lancet. 369 (9571): 1461–70. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60673-4. PMID 17467517.
- ↑ van Aken MO, Lamberts SW (2005). "Diagnosis and treatment of hypopituitarism: an update". Pituitary. 8 (3–4): 183–91. doi:10.1007/s11102-006-6039-z. PMID 16508719.
- ↑ Stieg MR, Renner U, Stalla GK, Kopczak A (2017). "Advances in understanding hypopituitarism". F1000Res. 6: 178. doi:10.12688/f1000research.9436.1. PMC 5325066. PMID 28299199.