Toxic Adenoma natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
*If left untreated, 18% of patients with toxic adenoma may progress to develop | *If left untreated, 18% of patients with toxic adenoma may progress to develop thyrotoxicosis.<ref name="pmid11567699">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parle JV, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard MC, Boyle P, Franklyn JA |title=Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study |journal=Lancet |volume=358 |issue=9285 |pages=861–5 |year=2001 |pmid=11567699 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06067-6 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15145238">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pearce EN, Braverman LE |title=Hyperthyroidism: advantages and disadvantages of medical therapy |journal=Surg. Clin. North Am. |volume=84 |issue=3 |pages=833–47 |year=2004 |pmid=15145238 |doi=10.1016/j.suc.2004.01.007 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Nodule size is a strong predictor of whether thyrotoxicosis will develop in solitary adenomas. | *Nodule size is a strong predictor of whether thyrotoxicosis will develop in solitary adenomas. | ||
*Most autonomously functioning thyroid nodules that become thyrotoxic are larger than 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter. | *Most autonomously functioning thyroid nodules that become thyrotoxic are larger than 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter. | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Natural History
- If left untreated, 18% of patients with toxic adenoma may progress to develop thyrotoxicosis.[1][2]
- Nodule size is a strong predictor of whether thyrotoxicosis will develop in solitary adenomas.
- Most autonomously functioning thyroid nodules that become thyrotoxic are larger than 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter.
- Consequences of untreated toxic multinodular goiter are due to hyperthyrtoidism or thyrotoxicosis which includes increased risks of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
- Spontaneous resolution of a toxic adenoma can occur very rarely because of hemorrhage, cystic degeneration, and loss of autonomous function.
Complications
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Parle JV, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard MC, Boyle P, Franklyn JA (2001). "Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study". Lancet. 358 (9285): 861–5. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06067-6. PMID 11567699.
- ↑ Pearce EN, Braverman LE (2004). "Hyperthyroidism: advantages and disadvantages of medical therapy". Surg. Clin. North Am. 84 (3): 833–47. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2004.01.007. PMID 15145238.