Toxic Adenoma natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Common complications of toxic adenoma include: | |||
*[[Atrial fibrillation]] | |||
*Neck compression | |||
*Bone mineral loss | |||
*Thyroid storm | |||
*I-131-related hypothyroidism | |||
*Surgery-related | |||
**Hypothyroidism | |||
**Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage | |||
**Hypoparathyroidism | |||
*Antithyroid drug-related agranulocytosis | |||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 16:40, 1 September 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Natural History
- If left untreated, 18% of patients with toxic adenoma may progress to develop thyrotoxicosis.[1][2]
- Nodule size is a strong predictor of whether thyrotoxicosis will develop in solitary adenomas.
- Most autonomously functioning thyroid nodules that become thyrotoxic are larger than 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter.
- Consequences of untreated toxic multinodular goiter are due to hyperthyrtoidism or thyrotoxicosis which includes increased risks of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
- Spontaneous resolution of a toxic adenoma can occur very rarely because of hemorrhage, cystic degeneration, and loss of autonomous function.
Complications
Common complications of toxic adenoma include:
- Atrial fibrillation
- Neck compression
- Bone mineral loss
- Thyroid storm
- I-131-related hypothyroidism
- Surgery-related
- Hypothyroidism
- Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Antithyroid drug-related agranulocytosis
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Parle JV, Maisonneuve P, Sheppard MC, Boyle P, Franklyn JA (2001). "Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study". Lancet. 358 (9285): 861–5. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06067-6. PMID 11567699.
- ↑ Pearce EN, Braverman LE (2004). "Hyperthyroidism: advantages and disadvantages of medical therapy". Surg. Clin. North Am. 84 (3): 833–47. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2004.01.007. PMID 15145238.