Hypoparathyroidism risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The most potent risk factor in the development of hypoparathyroidism is anterior [[neck surgery]]. Other common risk factors include [[autoimmune diseases]]. Less common risk factors include destruction and/or [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] of [[parathyroid glands]] and congenital multisystem syndromes. Maternal hyperparathyroidism also increase the risk of neonatal hypoparathyroidism. | The most potent risk factor in the development of [[hypoparathyroidism]] is anterior [[neck surgery]]. Other common risk factors include [[autoimmune diseases]]. Less common risk factors include destruction and/or [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] of [[parathyroid glands]] and congenital multisystem syndromes. Maternal [[hyperparathyroidism]] also increase the risk of neonatal [[hypoparathyroidism]]. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
The most potent risk factor in the development of hypoparathyroidism is anterior [[neck surgery]]. Other common risk factors include [[autoimmune diseases]]. Less common risk factors include destruction and/or [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] of [[parathyroid glands]] and congenital multisystem syndromes. Maternal hyperparathyroidism also increase the risk of neonatal hypoparathyroidism.<ref name="pmid18650515">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shoback D |title=Clinical practice. Hypoparathyroidism |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=359 |issue=4 |pages=391–403 |year=2008 |pmid=18650515 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp0803050 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17569990">{{cite journal |vauthors=Poomthavorn P, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Mahachoklertwattana P |title=Transient neonatal hypoparathyroidism in two siblings unmasking maternal normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism |journal=Eur. J. Pediatr. |volume=167 |issue=4 |pages=431–4 |year=2008 |pmid=17569990 |doi=10.1007/s00431-007-0528-6 |url=}}</ref> | The most potent risk factor in the development of [[hypoparathyroidism]] is anterior [[neck surgery]]. Other common risk factors include [[autoimmune diseases]]. Less common risk factors include destruction and/or [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] of [[parathyroid glands]] and congenital multisystem syndromes. Maternal hyperparathyroidism also increase the risk of neonatal hypoparathyroidism.<ref name="pmid18650515">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shoback D |title=Clinical practice. Hypoparathyroidism |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=359 |issue=4 |pages=391–403 |year=2008 |pmid=18650515 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp0803050 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17569990">{{cite journal |vauthors=Poomthavorn P, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Mahachoklertwattana P |title=Transient neonatal hypoparathyroidism in two siblings unmasking maternal normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism |journal=Eur. J. Pediatr. |volume=167 |issue=4 |pages=431–4 |year=2008 |pmid=17569990 |doi=10.1007/s00431-007-0528-6 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Common Risk Factors=== | ===Common Risk Factors=== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]
Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of hypoparathyroidism is anterior neck surgery. Other common risk factors include autoimmune diseases. Less common risk factors include destruction and/or infiltration of parathyroid glands and congenital multisystem syndromes. Maternal hyperparathyroidism also increase the risk of neonatal hypoparathyroidism.
Risk Factors
The most potent risk factor in the development of hypoparathyroidism is anterior neck surgery. Other common risk factors include autoimmune diseases. Less common risk factors include destruction and/or infiltration of parathyroid glands and congenital multisystem syndromes. Maternal hyperparathyroidism also increase the risk of neonatal hypoparathyroidism.[1][2]
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of hypoparathyroidism include:[1]
- Anterior neck surgery : Predisposing factors for post-surgical hypoparathyroidism include:[3][4]
- Young age
- Female gender
- Graves' disease
- Lymphadenectomy
- Accidental parathyroidectomy (including biopsies during surgery for hyperparathyroidism)
- Parathyroid auto-transplantation
- The number of functioning parathyroid glands remaining in-situ (most important factor)
- Autoimmune diseases
- Anterior neck surgery : Predisposing factors for post-surgical hypoparathyroidism include:[3][4]
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of hypoparathyroidism include:[1]
- Destruction and/or infiltration of parathyroid glands
- Congenital multisystem syndromes
- Maternal hyperparathyroidism and/or maternal hypercalcemia[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shoback D (2008). "Clinical practice. Hypoparathyroidism". N. Engl. J. Med. 359 (4): 391–403. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0803050. PMID 18650515.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Poomthavorn P, Ongphiphadhanakul B, Mahachoklertwattana P (2008). "Transient neonatal hypoparathyroidism in two siblings unmasking maternal normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism". Eur. J. Pediatr. 167 (4): 431–4. doi:10.1007/s00431-007-0528-6. PMID 17569990.
- ↑ Edafe O, Antakia R, Laskar N, Uttley L, Balasubramanian SP (2014). "Systematic review and meta-analysis of predictors of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia". Br J Surg. 101 (4): 307–20. doi:10.1002/bjs.9384. PMID 24402815.
- ↑ Sitges-Serra A, Ruiz S, Girvent M, Manjón H, Dueñas JP, Sancho JJ (2010). "Outcome of protracted hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy". Br J Surg. 97 (11): 1687–95. doi:10.1002/bjs.7219. PMID 20730856.