Cholangitis causes: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Life-threatening | ===Life-threatening causes=== | ||
Acute suppurative cholangitis is a life-threatening cause of cholangitis. | |||
===Common | |||
===Common causes=== | |||
Cholangitis is usually caused by [[bile]] stasis. It is the ascending infection of the [[bile duct]] by [[bacteria]], and/or [[parasites]]. | Cholangitis is usually caused by [[bile]] stasis. It is the ascending infection of the [[bile duct]] by [[bacteria]], and/or [[parasites]]. | ||
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*[[Biliary tract]] surgery with [[common bile duct]] implantment<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z67nCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=paralytic+ileus+and+cholangitis&source=bl&ots=EN_c_A_D4F&sig=tzVoAltXsoltCH6_KkdcTi_qaiU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiywPaJu4zXAhVp5IMKHWZzB7AQ6AEIRjAG#v=onepage&q=paralytic%20ileus%20and%20cholangitis&f=false|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>e.g. resection of the [[carcinoma]] of [[ampulla of Vater]] | *[[Biliary tract]] surgery with [[common bile duct]] implantment<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z67nCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=paralytic+ileus+and+cholangitis&source=bl&ots=EN_c_A_D4F&sig=tzVoAltXsoltCH6_KkdcTi_qaiU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiywPaJu4zXAhVp5IMKHWZzB7AQ6AEIRjAG#v=onepage&q=paralytic%20ileus%20and%20cholangitis&f=false|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}}</ref>e.g. resection of the [[carcinoma]] of [[ampulla of Vater]] | ||
===Less | ===Less common causes=== | ||
Less common causes of [[cholangitis]] include: | Less common causes of [[cholangitis]] include: | ||
*Parasitic infections: | *[[Parasitic]] infections: | ||
**[[Ascaris lumbricoides]] | **[[Ascaris lumbricoides]] | ||
**[[Clonorchis sinensis]] | **[[Clonorchis sinensis]] | ||
**[[Opisthorchis viverrini]] | **[[Opisthorchis viverrini]] | ||
** | **Ogatpisthorchis felineus | ||
**[[Taenia saginata]] | **[[Taenia saginata]] | ||
* [[Malignancy]] | * [[Malignancy]] | ||
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**[[Lymphoma]] | **[[Lymphoma]] | ||
**[[Metastasis]] to [[bile duct]] | **[[Metastasis]] to [[bile duct]] | ||
===Causes by organ system=== | |||
===Causes by | |||
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | {| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | ||
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular''' | | style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular''' | ||
Revision as of 18:12, 29 December 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2] Farwa Haideri [3]
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Cholangitis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Cholangitis causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cholangitis causes |
Overview
Cholangitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, which can occur when there is blockage in the bile duct, such as a gallstone or tumor. The infection causing this condition may also spread to the liver.
Causes
Life-threatening causes
Acute suppurative cholangitis is a life-threatening cause of cholangitis.
Common causes
Cholangitis is usually caused by bile stasis. It is the ascending infection of the bile duct by bacteria, and/or parasites.
Cholangitis may be caused by:
- Bile stasis
- Choledocholithiasis/dislodged gallstones (cholelithiasis)
- Biliary strictures
- Bacterial infection
- Malignancy
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
- Biliary tract surgery with common bile duct implantment[1]e.g. resection of the carcinoma of ampulla of Vater
Less common causes
Less common causes of cholangitis include:
- Parasitic infections:
- Ascaris lumbricoides
- Clonorchis sinensis
- Opisthorchis viverrini
- Ogatpisthorchis felineus
- Taenia saginata
- Malignancy
Causes by organ system
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | Cidofovir, Sorafenib, Teduglutide |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | Cholelithiasis, Biliary stricture, Pancreatic cancer, Primary sclerosing cholangitis |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| Infectious Disease | Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Bacteroides, Clostridia, Ascaris lumbricoides, Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, Opisthorchis felineus, Taenia saginata |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | Cancer of the pancreatic head, Cholangiocarcinoma, Lymphoma, Hepatoma, Metastasis to bile duct |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
References
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Z67nCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=paralytic+ileus+and+cholangitis&source=bl&ots=EN_c_A_D4F&sig=tzVoAltXsoltCH6_KkdcTi_qaiU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiywPaJu4zXAhVp5IMKHWZzB7AQ6AEIRjAG#v=onepage&q=paralytic%20ileus%20and%20cholangitis&f=false. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Serradilla Martin, M.; Palomares Cano, A.; Dabán Collado, E.; Medina Cuadros, M. (2016). "Acute cholangitis secondary to main bile duct thrombi for hepatocellular carcinoma". HPB. 18: e745–e746. doi:10.1016/j.hpb.2016.01.225. ISSN 1365-182X.