Peptic ulcer historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
Spiral-shaped microorganism described by Polish clinical researcher Professor W.Jaworski at Cracow Jagiellonian University 100 years ago but it was confirmed in the animal by G.Bizzazero. | |||
*In 16th, 17th century, 18th and 19th centuries,Smith , Rivers and Goldstein wrote chapters on the peptic ulcer disease<ref name="pmid24833849">{{cite journal |vauthors=Graham DY |title=History of Helicobacter pylori, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=20 |issue=18 |pages=5191–204 |year=2014 |pmid=24833849 |pmc=4017034 |doi=10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5191 |url=}}</ref> | *In 16th, 17th century, 18th and 19th centuries,Smith , Rivers and Goldstein wrote chapters on the peptic ulcer disease<ref name="pmid24833849">{{cite journal |vauthors=Graham DY |title=History of Helicobacter pylori, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=20 |issue=18 |pages=5191–204 |year=2014 |pmid=24833849 |pmc=4017034 |doi=10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5191 |url=}}</ref> | ||
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*In 1910 ,Moynihan wrote a book on duodenal ulcer<ref>{{cite book | last = Barry | first = J | title = Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982 | publisher = Blackwell | location = Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA | year = 2002 | isbn = 0867930357 }}</ref> | *In 1910 ,Moynihan wrote a book on duodenal ulcer<ref>{{cite book | last = Barry | first = J | title = Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982 | publisher = Blackwell | location = Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA | year = 2002 | isbn = 0867930357 }}</ref> | ||
*In 1971, Howard Steer found H. pylori from biopsies of a patient with ulcers<ref>{{cite book | last = Barry | first = J | title = Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982 | publisher = Blackwell | location = Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA | year = 2002 | isbn = 0867930357 }}</ref> | *In 1971, Howard Steer found H. pylori from biopsies of a patient with ulcers<ref>{{cite book | last = Barry | first = J | title = Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982 | publisher = Blackwell | location = Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA | year = 2002 | isbn = 0867930357 }}</ref> | ||
*n late 1970, J.R Warren, a pathologist in Perth, Australia found the appearance of spiral bacteria overlying gastric mucosa.<ref name="pmid15075463">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konturek JW |title=Discovery by Jaworski of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenetic role in peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer |journal=J. Physiol. Pharmacol. |volume=54 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=23–41 |year=2003 |pmid=15075463 |doi= |url=}}</ref | |||
* | |||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>In 1924, Luck and Seth discovered urease occur naturally in the human stomach | <nowiki>*</nowiki>In 1924, Luck and Seth discovered urease occur naturally in the human stomach | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The association between Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease was made in 1982 by Warren and B.J marshall.They contended that most stomach ulcers and gastritis were caused by colonization with this bacterium, not by <nowiki>[[stress (medicine)|stress]]</nowiki> or <nowiki>[[spicy food]]</nowiki> as had been assumed before.<nowiki><ref></nowiki>{{cite journal|author=Marshall BJ, Warren JR|title=Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration|journal=Lancet|year=1984|volume=1|issue=8390|pages=1311–1315|id=PMID 6145023}}</ref><ref name="pmid15075463">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konturek JW |title=Discovery by Jaworski of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenetic role in peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer |journal=J. Physiol. Pharmacol. |volume=54 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=23–41 |year=2003 |pmid=15075463 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlHome | CDC Ulcer">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ulcer/index.htm |title=Home | CDC Ulcer |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | <nowiki>*</nowiki>The association between Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer disease was made in 1982 by Warren and B.J marshall.They contended that most stomach ulcers and gastritis were caused by colonization with this bacterium, not by <nowiki>[[stress (medicine)|stress]]</nowiki> or <nowiki>[[spicy food]]</nowiki> as had been assumed before.<nowiki><ref></nowiki>{{cite journal|author=Marshall BJ, Warren JR|title=Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration|journal=Lancet|year=1984|volume=1|issue=8390|pages=1311–1315|id=PMID 6145023}}</ref><ref name="pmid15075463">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konturek JW |title=Discovery by Jaworski of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenetic role in peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer |journal=J. Physiol. Pharmacol. |volume=54 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=23–41 |year=2003 |pmid=15075463 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlHome | CDC Ulcer">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ulcer/index.htm |title=Home | CDC Ulcer |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
In 1982 Warren and B.J marshall cultured the organism and | In 1982 Warren and B.J marshall cultured the organism and found a strong association between Helicobacter pylori and inflammation of gastric mucosa ,it is not due to spicy food and stress <ref name="pmid15075463">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konturek JW |title=Discovery by Jaworski of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenetic role in peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer |journal=J. Physiol. Pharmacol. |volume=54 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=23–41 |year=2003 |pmid=15075463 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="urlHome | CDC Ulcer">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/ulcer/index.htm |title=Home | CDC Ulcer |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
*In 1994, Parsonnet et al found an association between H. pylori and lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract.Malignant ulcers can be treated by eradicating Helicobacter<ref name="pmid8145781">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L, Gelb AB, Warnke RA, Jellum E, Orentreich N, Vogelman JH, Friedman GD |title=Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=330 |issue=18 |pages=1267–71 |year=1994 |pmid=8145781 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199405053301803 |url=}}</ref> | *In 1994, Parsonnet et al found an association between H. pylori and lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract.Malignant ulcers can be treated by eradicating Helicobacter<ref name="pmid8145781">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L, Gelb AB, Warnke RA, Jellum E, Orentreich N, Vogelman JH, Friedman GD |title=Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=330 |issue=18 |pages=1267–71 |year=1994 |pmid=8145781 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199405053301803 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*In 1997 Tomb et al. completed sequencing of the entire 1,667,867 base pairs of the H. pylori genome. This helped in identifying new virulence factors for the infectivity of H. pylori on the molecular level<ref name="pmid9252185">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tomb JF, White O, Kerlavage AR, Clayton RA, Sutton GG, Fleischmann RD, Ketchum KA, Klenk HP, Gill S, Dougherty BA, Nelson K, Quackenbush J, Zhou L, Kirkness EF, Peterson S, Loftus B, Richardson D, Dodson R, Khalak HG, Glodek A, McKenney K, Fitzegerald LM, Lee N, Adams MD, Hickey EK, Berg DE, Gocayne JD, Utterback TR, Peterson JD, Kelley JM, Cotton MD, Weidman JM, Fujii C, Bowman C, Watthey L, Wallin E, Hayes WS, Borodovsky M, Karp PD, Smith HO, Fraser CM, Venter JC |title=The complete genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori |journal=Nature |volume=388 |issue=6642 |pages=539–47 |year=1997 |pmid=9252185 |doi=10.1038/41483 |url=}}</ref> | *In 1997 Tomb et al. completed sequencing of the entire 1,667,867 base pairs of the H. pylori genome. This helped in identifying new virulence factors for the infectivity of H. pylori on the molecular level<ref name="pmid9252185">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tomb JF, White O, Kerlavage AR, Clayton RA, Sutton GG, Fleischmann RD, Ketchum KA, Klenk HP, Gill S, Dougherty BA, Nelson K, Quackenbush J, Zhou L, Kirkness EF, Peterson S, Loftus B, Richardson D, Dodson R, Khalak HG, Glodek A, McKenney K, Fitzegerald LM, Lee N, Adams MD, Hickey EK, Berg DE, Gocayne JD, Utterback TR, Peterson JD, Kelley JM, Cotton MD, Weidman JM, Fujii C, Bowman C, Watthey L, Wallin E, Hayes WS, Borodovsky M, Karp PD, Smith HO, Fraser CM, Venter JC |title=The complete genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori |journal=Nature |volume=388 |issue=6642 |pages=539–47 |year=1997 |pmid=9252185 |doi=10.1038/41483 |url=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 22:22, 13 November 2017
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Peptic ulcer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Surgery |
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Case Studies |
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2017 ACG Guidelines for Peptic Ulcer Disease |
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Guidelines for the Indications to Test for, and to Treat, H. pylori Infection |
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Guidlines for factors that predict the successful eradication when treating H. pylori infection |
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Guidelines to document H. pylori antimicrobial resistance in the North America |
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Guidelines for evaluation and testing of H. pylori antibiotic resistance |
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Guidelines for when to test for treatment success after H. pylori eradication therapy |
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Guidelines for penicillin allergy in patients with H. pylori infection |
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Peptic ulcer historical perspective On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Peptic ulcer historical perspective |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Peptic ulcer historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ;Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
In 1997, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with other government agencies, academic institutions, and industry, launched a national education campaign to inform health care providers and consumers about the link between H. pylori and ulcers. This campaign reinforced the news that ulcers are a curable infection, and the fact that health can be greatly improved and money saved by disseminating information about H. pylori.[1]
Helicobacter pylori was rediscovered in 1982 by two Australian scientists Robin Warren and Barry Marshall[2]. In their original paper, Warren and Marshall contended that most stomach ulcers and gastritis were caused by colonization with this bacterium, not by stress or spicy food as had been assumed before.[3]
The H. pylori hypothesis was poorly received, so in an act of self-experimentation Marshall drank a petri-dish containing a culture of organisms extracted from a patient and soon developed gastritis. His symptoms disappeared after two weeks, but he took antibiotics to kill the remaining bacteria at the urging of his wife, since halitosis is one of the symptoms of infection.[4] This experiment was published in 1984 in the Australian Medical Journal and is among the most cited articles from the journal.
In 2005, the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Dr. Marshall and his long-time collaborator Dr. Warren "for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease". Professor Marshall continues research related to H. pylori and runs a molecular biology lab at UWA in Perth, Western Australia.
- Gastric ulcer was first discovered by Goldstein, a [nationality + occupation], in [year]/during/following [event].
- Spiral-shaped microorganism described by Polish clinical researcher Professor W.Jaworski at Cracow Jagiellonian University 100 years ago but it was confirmed in the animal by G.Bizzazero.In late 1970, J.R Warren, a pathologist in Perth, Australia found the appearance of spiral bacteria overlying gastric mucosa.
In 1982 Warren and B.J marshall cultured the organism and demonstrate a strong association between Helicobacter pylori and inflammation of gastric mucosa ,it is not due to spicy food and stress [5][6] 1994 A National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference concludes that there is a strong association between H. pylori and ulcer disease, and recommends that ulcer patients with H. pylori infection be treated with antibiotics.
Overview
Historical Perspective
Discovery
Spiral-shaped microorganism described by Polish clinical researcher Professor W.Jaworski at Cracow Jagiellonian University 100 years ago but it was confirmed in the animal by G.Bizzazero.
- In 16th, 17th century, 18th and 19th centuries,Smith , Rivers and Goldstein wrote chapters on the peptic ulcer disease[7]
- In pre 16th century
- Hippocrates first describes symptoms of peptic ulcer
- Avicenna described the relationship between gastric pain and mealtimes in peptic ulcer patient [8]
- In 1586, Marcellus Donatus of Mantua described gastric ulcers by performing autopsies
- In 1688, duodenal ulcers observed by Johannes von Murault
- In 1812, Broussais found that if acute gastritis is untreated, it can lead to chronic gastritis
- In 1821, Nepveu found a relationship between gastritis and gastric cancer
- In 1857, William Brintonin in his book on ulcer of the stomach described ulcer disease and gastric cancer
- In 1868, Kussmaul discovered that an antibacterial agent containing bismuth used to treat peptic ulcers
- In 1875, G. Bottcher and M. Letulle hypothesize that ulcers are caused by bacteria
- In 1880, J. Cohnheim found that ulcers may be caused by chemical factors
- In 1889, Walery Jaworski found spiral organisms in sediment washings of humans and described organisms may be involved with gastric disease
- In 1910 ,Moynihan wrote a book on duodenal ulcer[9]
- In 1971, Howard Steer found H. pylori from biopsies of a patient with ulcers[10]
- n late 1970, J.R Warren, a pathologist in Perth, Australia found the appearance of spiral bacteria overlying gastric mucosa.[5][5][6]
In 1982 Warren and B.J marshall cultured the organism and found a strong association between Helicobacter pylori and inflammation of gastric mucosa ,it is not due to spicy food and stress [5][6]
- In 1994, Parsonnet et al found an association between H. pylori and lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract.Malignant ulcers can be treated by eradicating Helicobacter[11]
- In 1997 Tomb et al. completed sequencing of the entire 1,667,867 base pairs of the H. pylori genome. This helped in identifying new virulence factors for the infectivity of H. pylori on the molecular level[12]
- In 2001 , Chan et al. showed that eradication of H. pylori even prevents bleeding from ulcers that is caused by aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs[13]
- In 2002, European Helicobacter Pylori Study Group published the Maastricht 2-2000 Consensus Report, found a "test-and-treat" strategy for H. pylori in young patients without atypical symptoms. It suggests the use of noninvasive testing to evaluate for H. pylori and simply treating if found, even in the absence of ulcer disease documented on endoscopy[14]
- In 2005 Warren and Marshall awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine by Karolinska Institute in Stockholm for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease"[15]
- In 1992 CagA gene, which encodes for a cytotoxin-associated surface protein, related strongly with strains of H. pylori that caused duodenal ulcers and was discovered by molecular techniques were first involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease discovered by Covacci et al.[16]
Outbreaks
- There have been several outbreaks of [disease name], which are summarized below:
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- In 1915, Antacids are first suggested for the treatment of Peptic ulcer disease[17]
- In 1951 ,J. Allende wrote a book explaining the treatment of gastric ulcers with penicillin[18]
- 1953,Dintzis and Hastings suggested a relationship between urease and a bacterial infection,by stopping urease production in mice with antibiotics[19]
- 1957,Charles Lieber and Andre Lefèvre suggested that antibiotics decreases the production of gastric urea to ammonia[20]
- In 1990
- Borody's triple therapy became commercialized under the product name Helidac in the United States[21]
- Rauws and Tytgat described cure of duodenal ulcer by eradication of H. pylori using Borody's triple therapy that is combination modernized with a proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics, becomes first-line therapy for eradication[22]
- World Congress of Gastroenterology suggested eradicating H. pylori to cure duodenal ulcers
- First report of resistance of H. pylori to the antibiotic metronidazole was found[23]
- The resistance of H. pylori to treatment will lead to the development of new regimen which includes many different antibiotic and proton pump inhibitor regimens for eradication[14]
- In 1996 first antibiotic was developed by the Food and Drug Administration to treat peptic ulcer disease.[24]
Impact on Cultural History
Famous Cases
- The following are a few famous cases of disease name:
References
- ↑ Ulcer, Diagnosis and Treatment - CDC Bacterial, Mycotic Diseases
- ↑ Marshall BJ (1983). "Unidentified curved bacillus on gastric epithelium in active chronic gastritis". Lancet. 1 (8336): 1273–1275. PMID 6134060.
- ↑ Marshall BJ, Warren JR (1984). "Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration". Lancet. 1 (8390): 1311–1315. PMID 6145023.
- ↑ "Research Enterprise, The 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine". Retrieved 2007-08-26.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Konturek JW (2003). "Discovery by Jaworski of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenetic role in peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer". J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 54 Suppl 3: 23–41. PMID 15075463.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Home | CDC Ulcer".
- ↑ Graham DY (2014). "History of Helicobacter pylori, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastric cancer". World J. Gastroenterol. 20 (18): 5191–204. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5191. PMC 4017034. PMID 24833849.
- ↑ Kidd M, Modlin IM (1998). "A century of Helicobacter pylori: paradigms lost-paradigms regained". Digestion. 59 (1): 1–15. PMID 9468093.
- ↑ Barry, J (2002). Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982. Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell. ISBN 0867930357.
- ↑ Barry, J (2002). Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982. Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell. ISBN 0867930357.
- ↑ Parsonnet J, Hansen S, Rodriguez L, Gelb AB, Warnke RA, Jellum E, Orentreich N, Vogelman JH, Friedman GD (1994). "Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma". N. Engl. J. Med. 330 (18): 1267–71. doi:10.1056/NEJM199405053301803. PMID 8145781.
- ↑ Tomb JF, White O, Kerlavage AR, Clayton RA, Sutton GG, Fleischmann RD, Ketchum KA, Klenk HP, Gill S, Dougherty BA, Nelson K, Quackenbush J, Zhou L, Kirkness EF, Peterson S, Loftus B, Richardson D, Dodson R, Khalak HG, Glodek A, McKenney K, Fitzegerald LM, Lee N, Adams MD, Hickey EK, Berg DE, Gocayne JD, Utterback TR, Peterson JD, Kelley JM, Cotton MD, Weidman JM, Fujii C, Bowman C, Watthey L, Wallin E, Hayes WS, Borodovsky M, Karp PD, Smith HO, Fraser CM, Venter JC (1997). "The complete genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori". Nature. 388 (6642): 539–47. doi:10.1038/41483. PMID 9252185.
- ↑ Chan FK, Chung SC, Suen BY, Lee YT, Leung WK, Leung VK, Wu JC, Lau JY, Hui Y, Lai MS, Chan HL, Sung JJ (2001). "Preventing recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who are taking low-dose aspirin or naproxen". N. Engl. J. Med. 344 (13): 967–73. doi:10.1056/NEJM200103293441304. PMID 11274623.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Malfertheiner P, Mégraud F, O'Morain C, Hungin AP, Jones R, Axon A, Graham DY, Tytgat G (2002). "Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection-the Maastricht 2-2000 Consensus Report". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 16 (2): 167–80. PMID 11860399.
- ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005".
- ↑ Covacci A, Censini S, Bugnoli M, Petracca R, Burroni D, Macchia G, Massone A, Papini E, Xiang Z, Figura N (1993). "Molecular characterization of the 128-kDa immunodominant antigen of Helicobacter pylori associated with cytotoxicity and duodenal ulcer". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (12): 5791–5. PMC 46808. PMID 8516329.
- ↑ Buckley MJ, O'Morain CA (1998). "Helicobacter biology--discovery". Br. Med. Bull. 54 (1): 7–16. PMID 9604426.
- ↑ Barry, J (2002). Helicobacter pioneers : firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982. Victoria, Australia Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell. ISBN 0867930357.
- ↑ Dintzis RZ, Hastings AB (1953). "The Effect of Antibiotics on Urea Breakdown in Mice". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 39 (7): 571–8. PMC 1063826. PMID 16589306.
- ↑ LIEBER CS, LEFEVRE A (1957). "[Effect of oxytetracycline on acidity, ammonia, and urea in gastric juice in normal and uremic subjects]". C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Fil. (in French). 151 (5): 1038–42. PMID 13500735.
- ↑ "HELIDAC® Therapy".
- ↑ Rauws EA, Tytgat GN (1990). "Cure of duodenal ulcer associated with eradication of Helicobacter pylori". Lancet. 335 (8700): 1233–5. PMID 1971318.
- ↑ Becx MC, Janssen AJ, Clasener HA, de Koning RW (1990). "Metronidazole-resistant Helicobacter pylori". Lancet. 335 (8688): 539–40. PMID 1968548.
- ↑ Ulcer, Diagnosis and Treatment - CDC Bacterial, Mycotic Diseases