Gynecomastia differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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! colspan="3" |Laboratory Findings | ! colspan="3" |Laboratory Findings | ||
! colspan="4" |Physical Examination | ! colspan="4" |Physical Examination | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" |Other physical exam findings | ||
! | ! rowspan="2" |Age of onset | ||
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | |- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | ||
!Estrogen-to-androgen ratio | !Estrogen-to-androgen ratio | ||
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!Nipple discharge | !Nipple discharge | ||
!Lymphadenopathy | !Lymphadenopathy | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Gynecomastia]] | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Gynecomastia]] | ||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Physiological gynecomastia is seen in newborns, adolescents and elderly | * Physiological gynecomastia is seen in newborns, adolescents and elderly | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Pseudo gynecomastia | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Pseudo gynecomastia | ||
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* Increased [[adipose]] rather than [[glandular]] tissue on examination | * Increased [[adipose]] rather than [[glandular]] tissue on examination | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Any age | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Breast cancer|Breast Cancer]] | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Breast cancer|Breast Cancer]] | ||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Middle age to elderly | * Middle age to elderly | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lipoma]] | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lipoma]] | ||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Middle age to elderly | * Middle age to elderly | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Sebaceous cyst]] | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Sebaceous cyst]] | ||
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* Asymmetric enlargement and swelling feels closer to the skin | * Asymmetric enlargement and swelling feels closer to the skin | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Any age | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Mastitis]] | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Mastitis]] | ||
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* Systemic clinical features of infection | * Systemic clinical features of infection | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" | | ||
* Any age | |||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 23:24, 15 November 2017
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Gynecomastia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Gynecomastia differential diagnosis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Gynecomastia differential diagnosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Gynecomastia differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Husnain Shaukat, M.D [2]
Overview
Gynecomastia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause breast enlargement in men. These diseases include pseudo gynecomastia, breast cancer, breast abscess, and lipoma.
Differentiating Gynecomastia from other Diseases
Gynecomastia can be differentiated from other pathologies by detailed history taking and physical examination.[1][2][3]
| Diseases | Laboratory Findings | Physical Examination | Other physical exam findings | Age of onset | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estrogen-to-androgen ratio | Cholesterol levels | WBC count | Tenderness | Enlargement | Nipple discharge | Lymphadenopathy | |||
| Gynecomastia | ↑ | N/A | - | +/- | + | +/- | N/A |
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| Pseudo gynecomastia | Normal | N/A | N/A | +/- | + | +/- | N/A |
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| Breast Cancer | N/A | N/A | N/A | +/-; mostly painless | + | + | + |
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| Lipoma | N/A | ↑ | N/A | +/- | + | +/- | N/A |
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| Sebaceous cyst | N/A | N/A | N/A | +/- | + | +/- | +/- |
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| Mastitis | N/A | N/A | ↑ | Tender | +/- | +/- | +/- |
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References
- ↑ Dickson G (2012). "Gynecomastia". Am Fam Physician. 85 (7): 716–22. PMID 22534349.
- ↑ Croes K, Baeyens W, Bruckers L, Den Hond E, Koppen G, Nelen V; et al. (2009). "Hormone levels and sexual development in Flemish adolescents residing in areas differing in pollution pressure". Int J Hyg Environ Health. 212 (6): 612–25. doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2009.05.002. PMID 19546029.
- ↑ Laituri CA, Garey CL, Ostlie DJ, St Peter SD, Gittes GK, Snyder CL (2010). "Treatment of adolescent gynecomastia". J Pediatr Surg. 45 (3): 650–4. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.11.016. PMID 20223338.