Constipation historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
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{{family tree| | | | |,| A01 | | |A01='''''16th century BC'''''<br>'''The Egyptian [[Ebers Papyrus|Ebers papyrus]]'''<br>First definition of constipation as [[intoxication]] of body toxins from [[feces]] in [[bowels]]}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |:| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |:| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |)| B01 | | |B01='''''18th century'''''<br>'''Personal [[physician]] of Louis XV in France'''<br> Definie constipation as [[blood]] pollution with released [[toxins]] from remained wastes in the [[intestines]]}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |:| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |)| C01 | | |C01='''''Beginning of 19th century'''''<br> '''[[Physicians]]'''<br> Believed constipation as [[disease]] of civilization and urban population}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |!| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |)| D01 | | |D01='''''1850s'''''<br> '''An American health manual'''<br> Revealed that "daily emptying the [[bowels]] is of the utmost importance in being [[healthy]]"}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |!| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | E01 |+| E02 | | |E01='''Disease perspective'''|E02='''''1906'''''<br>'''Charles Bouchard, a French [[physician]]'''<br>Proposed the "'''''auto-[[intoxication]] theory'''''"}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |!| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |)| F01 | | |F01='''''1923'''''<br>'''William Walsh, an American [[physician]]'''<br>Mentioned that not all the symptoms related to [[poisons]] released from remained [[feces]]}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |!| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |)| G01 | | |G01='''''1924'''''<br>'''Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]]'''<br>Pointed out “'''''the whiter your bread, the sooner you're dead'''''”}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |!| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |)| H01 | | |H01='''''1928'''''<br>'''Charles Campbell, an American [[physician]]'''<br>Postulated that remained wastes in [[colon]] are decomposing and may make the body full of [[poisons]]}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |!| |!| | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | |`| I01 | | |I01='''''1928'''''<br>'''Victor Paucher, a French [[internist]]'''<br> Suggested that stasis of [[feces]] in [[bowels]] creates "Sewer-like blood"}} | |||
{{family tree/end}} | |||
* The Egyptian [[Ebers Papyrus|Ebers papyrus]], from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. [[Ebers papyrus]] defined constipation as [[intoxication]] of body with hazardous agents from [[feces]] in [[bowels]].<ref>{{Citation | author1=Ebbell, B. (Bendix), 1865- | title=The Papyrus Ebers : the greatest Egyptian medical document | publication-date=1937 | publisher=Levin & Munksgaard | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/26409288 | accessdate=14 November 2017}}</ref> | * The Egyptian [[Ebers Papyrus|Ebers papyrus]], from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. [[Ebers papyrus]] defined constipation as [[intoxication]] of body with hazardous agents from [[feces]] in [[bowels]].<ref>{{Citation | author1=Ebbell, B. (Bendix), 1865- | title=The Papyrus Ebers : the greatest Egyptian medical document | publication-date=1937 | publisher=Levin & Munksgaard | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/26409288 | accessdate=14 November 2017}}</ref> | ||
* In 18th century, the personal [[physician]] of Louis XV in France, presented a similar definition as [[Ebers papyrus]]. He mentioned the constipation as [[blood]] pollution with released [[toxins]] from remained wastes in the [[intestines]].<ref>{{Citation | * In 18th century, the personal [[physician]] of Louis XV in France, presented a similar definition as [[Ebers papyrus]]. He mentioned the constipation as [[blood]] pollution with released [[toxins]] from remained wastes in the [[intestines]].<ref>{{Citation | ||
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== Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies == | == Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies == | ||
* In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the [[Prevention| | {{family tree/start}} | ||
{{family tree| | | | | A01 | | |A01='''1900'''}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | |,| A01 | |A01='''All-bran products''' first introduced to the [[Prevention|prevention]] and treatment of auto-[[Intoxication]] due to constipation}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |)|-| B01 |(| | | | |B01='''''Early 1900s''''' }} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | |`| C01 | |C01='''Yeasts''' introduced in the yogurt were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-[[intoxication]]}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | |,| A01 | |A01=Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]], introduced '''[[Phenolphthalein]]''' as a strong [[laxative]] for children}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |)|-| D01 |(| | | | |D01='''''1913'''''}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | |`| A01 | |A01=Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]], revealed that maintaining the normal human '''"drainage scheme"''' is the main treatment for constipation}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |)|-| E01 |-| E02 | |E01='''''1981'''''|E02=Denis Burkitt an English [[surgeon]], claimed the [[hypothesis]] about [[dietary]] fibers followed by the definition of '''''"The Commonest Western disease"'''''}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}} | |||
{{family tree| | | | | B01 | | |B01='''2000'''}} | |||
{{family tree/end}} | |||
* In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the [[Prevention|prevention]] and treatment of auto-[[Intoxication]] due to constipation.<ref name="pmid11124189" /> | |||
* In early 1900s, yeasts were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-[[intoxication]], when introduced in the yogurt.<ref name="pmid11124189" /> | * In early 1900s, yeasts were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-[[intoxication]], when introduced in the yogurt.<ref name="pmid11124189" /> | ||
* In | * In 1913, [[Phenolphthalein]] was introduced as a strong [[laxative]] for children. [[Phenolphthalein]] quickly claimed as the best [[laxative]] through maneuvering about auto-[[intoxication]].<ref name="pmid20766844">{{cite journal| author=Lane WA| title=An Address ON CHRONIC INTESTINAL STASIS: Delivered at the North-East London Post-Graduate College. | journal=Br Med J | year= 1913 | volume= 2 | issue= 2757 | pages= 1125-8 | pmid=20766844 | doi= | pmc=2346322 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20766844 }}</ref> | ||
* From 1900 to 1920, Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]], revealed that maintaining the normal human "drainage scheme" is the main treatment for constipation.<ref name="pmid20766844" /> | * From 1900 to 1920, Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]], revealed that maintaining the normal human "drainage scheme" is the main treatment for constipation.<ref name="pmid20766844" /> | ||
* In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English [[surgeon]], claimed the [[hypothesis]] about [[dietary]] fibers followed by the definition of '''''"The Commonest Western disease"'''''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Burkitt | first = D. P. | title = Western diseases, their emergence and prevention | publisher = Harvard University Press | location = Cambridge, Mass | year = 1981 | isbn = 978-0674950207 }}</ref> | * In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English [[surgeon]], claimed the [[hypothesis]] about [[dietary]] fibers followed by the definition of '''''"The Commonest Western disease"'''''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Burkitt | first = D. P. | title = Western diseases, their emergence and prevention | publisher = Harvard University Press | location = Cambridge, Mass | year = 1981 | isbn = 978-0674950207 }}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 20:01, 15 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]
Overview
The Egyptian Ebers papyrus, from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. Ebers papyrus defined constipation as intoxication of body with hazardous agents from feces in bowels. In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the prevent and treatment of auto-intoxicated patients due to constipation. In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English surgeon, claimed the hypothesis about dietary fibers followed by the definition of "The Commonest Western disease".
Historical Perspective
| 16th century BC The Egyptian Ebers papyrus First definition of constipation as intoxication of body toxins from feces in bowels | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 18th century Personal physician of Louis XV in France Definie constipation as blood pollution with released toxins from remained wastes in the intestines | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of 19th century Physicians Believed constipation as disease of civilization and urban population | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1850s An American health manual Revealed that "daily emptying the bowels is of the utmost importance in being healthy" | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Disease perspective | 1906 Charles Bouchard, a French physician Proposed the "auto-intoxication theory" | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1923 William Walsh, an American physician Mentioned that not all the symptoms related to poisons released from remained feces | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1924 Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician Pointed out “the whiter your bread, the sooner you're dead” | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1928 Charles Campbell, an American physician Postulated that remained wastes in colon are decomposing and may make the body full of poisons | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1928 Victor Paucher, a French internist Suggested that stasis of feces in bowels creates "Sewer-like blood" | |||||||||||||||||||||
- The Egyptian Ebers papyrus, from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. Ebers papyrus defined constipation as intoxication of body with hazardous agents from feces in bowels.[1]
- In 18th century, the personal physician of Louis XV in France, presented a similar definition as Ebers papyrus. He mentioned the constipation as blood pollution with released toxins from remained wastes in the intestines.[2]
- In the beginning of 19th century, physicians believed that constipation was a disease of civilization and urban population was mostly involved with constipation.[3]
- In 1850s, an American health manual revealed that "daily emptying the bowels is of the utmost importance in being healthy". Daily bowel movement was also suggested to prevent derangement and disturbance in body.[4]
- In 1906, Charles Bouchard, a French physician proposed the "auto-intoxication theory", constipated person is continuously try to suicide by intoxication with toxins which are produced by remained feces in his intestine.[5]
- In 1923, William Walsh, an American physician, mentioned that not all the symptoms and severity of constipation related to poisons released from remained feces in bowels.[6]
- In 1924, Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician, pointed out the relation between colon cancer and constipation. Lane presented that “the whiter your bread, the sooner you're dead”.[7]
- In 1928, Charles Campbell, an American physician, postulated that remained wastes in colon are decomposing and may make the body full of poisons.[8]
- In 1928, Victor Paucher, a French internist, suggested that stasis of feces in bowels make their poisons secreted into blood and creates "Sewer-like blood".[9]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
| 1900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All-bran products first introduced to the prevention and treatment of auto-Intoxication due to constipation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early 1900s | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yeasts introduced in the yogurt were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-intoxication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician, introduced Phenolphthalein as a strong laxative for children | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician, revealed that maintaining the normal human "drainage scheme" is the main treatment for constipation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1981 | Denis Burkitt an English surgeon, claimed the hypothesis about dietary fibers followed by the definition of "The Commonest Western disease" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the prevention and treatment of auto-Intoxication due to constipation.[3]
- In early 1900s, yeasts were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-intoxication, when introduced in the yogurt.[3]
- In 1913, Phenolphthalein was introduced as a strong laxative for children. Phenolphthalein quickly claimed as the best laxative through maneuvering about auto-intoxication.[7]
- From 1900 to 1920, Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician, revealed that maintaining the normal human "drainage scheme" is the main treatment for constipation.[7]
- In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English surgeon, claimed the hypothesis about dietary fibers followed by the definition of "The Commonest Western disease".[10]
References
- ↑ Ebbell, B. (Bendix), 1865- (1937), The Papyrus Ebers : the greatest Egyptian medical document, Levin & Munksgaard, retrieved 14 November 2017
- ↑ Lieutaud, Joseph, 1703-1780; Atlee, Edwin Augustus, 1776-1852 (1816), Synopsis of the universal practice of medicine [electronic resource] : exhibiting a concise view of all diseases, both internal and external : illustrated with complete commentaries / by Joseph Lieutaud ; translated from the Latin by Edwin A. Atlee, Edward and Richard Parker
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Whorton J (2000). "Civilisation and the colon: constipation as the "disease of diseases"". BMJ. 321 (7276): 1586–9. PMC 1119264. PMID 11124189.
- ↑ Root, Harmon Knox (1854), People's medical lighthouse; a series of popular and scientific essays., New York, Ranney
- ↑ Bouchard, Charles (1906), Lectures on Auto-Intoxication in Disease: Or, Self-Poisoning of the Individual, Philadelphia, F. A. Davis Company
- ↑ "The Conquest of Constipation". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 81 (2): 158. 1923. doi:10.1001/jama.1923.02650020076035. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lane WA (1913). "An Address ON CHRONIC INTESTINAL STASIS: Delivered at the North-East London Post-Graduate College". Br Med J. 2 (2757): 1125–8. PMC 2346322. PMID 20766844.
- ↑ "The Lazy Colon. Newer Methods and Latest Advances of Science in the Treatment of Constipation". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 90 (26): 2134. 1928. doi:10.1001/jama.1928.02690530062033. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ Bilik, Samuel Ernest (1928), The trainers bible, New York city, Athletic trainers supply Co.
- ↑ Burkitt, D. P. (1981). Western diseases, their emergence and prevention. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674950207.