Gallstone disease risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{Gallstone disease}} | {{Gallstone disease}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{HM}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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*Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral. | *Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral. | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease include: | *Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease include: | ||
**Age | **Age - Age is the most important risk factor where the most common age for developing gallstones was found to be between ages 40 - 69. Cholelithiasis rarely exists in children unless in a hemolytic state.<ref name="BarbaraSama1987">{{cite journal|last1=Barbara|first1=Luigi|last2=Sama|first2=Claudia|last3=Labate|first3=Antonio Maria Morselli|last4=Taroni|first4=Francesco|last5=Rusticali|first5=Anna Giulia|last6=Festi|first6=Davide|last7=Sapio|first7=Carlo|last8=Roda|first8=Enrico|last9=Banterle|first9=Claudio|last10=Puci|first10=Armando|last11=Formentini|first11=Franco|last12=Colasanti|first12=Silvia|last13=Nardin|first13=Francesco|title=A population study on the prevalence of gallstone disease: The sirmione study|journal=Hepatology|volume=7|issue=5|year=1987|pages=913–917|issn=02709139|doi=10.1002/hep.1840070520}}</ref> | ||
**Sex | |||
**Pregnancy | **Sex - A higher incidence is noted in women across all age groups.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP |title=Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=96 |issue=2 Pt 1 |pages=487–92 |year=1989 |pmid=2642879 |doi= |url=}}<ref/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP |title=Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=96 |issue=2 Pt 1 |pages=487–92 |year=1989 |pmid=2642879 |doi= |url=}}<ref/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP |title=Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=96 |issue=2 Pt 1 |pages=487–92 |year=1989 |pmid=2642879 |doi= |url=}}<ref/> | ||
**Race- Common amongst Pima Indians, North Americans and Chileans. Japanese have the lowest incidence.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sampliner RE, Bennett PH, Comess LJ, Rose FA, Burch TA |title=Gallbladder disease in pima indians. Demonstration of high prevalence and early onset by cholecystography |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=283 |issue=25 |pages=1358–64 |year=1970 |pmid=5481754 |doi=10.1056/NEJM197012172832502 |url=}}<ref/> | |||
**Pregnancy - | |||
===Less Common Risk Factors=== | ===Less Common Risk Factors=== | ||
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**[Risk factor 3] | **[Risk factor 3] | ||
==Risk factors == | ==Risk factors == | ||
*More common in females. | *More common in females. | ||
*Obesity | *Obesity | ||
* | * | ||
*Sudden weight loss | *Sudden weight loss | ||
*Prolonged fasting. | *Prolonged fasting. | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone Disease include Age, Sex, Pregnancy, and Oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy.
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone Disease include Age, Sex, Pregnancy, and Oral contraceptives and estrogen replacement therapy.
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
- Common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease include:
- Age - Age is the most important risk factor where the most common age for developing gallstones was found to be between ages 40 - 69. Cholelithiasis rarely exists in children unless in a hemolytic state.[1]
- Sex - A higher incidence is noted in women across all age groups.<ref>Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP (1989). "Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States". Gastroenterology. 96 (2 Pt 1): 487–92. PMID 2642879.The opening
<ref>tag is malformed or has a bad name<ref>Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP (1989). "Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States". Gastroenterology. 96 (2 Pt 1): 487–92. PMID 2642879.The opening<ref>tag is malformed or has a bad name<ref>Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP (1989). "Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States". Gastroenterology. 96 (2 Pt 1): 487–92. PMID 2642879.The opening<ref>tag is malformed or has a bad name - Race- Common amongst Pima Indians, North Americans and Chileans. Japanese have the lowest incidence.<ref>Sampliner RE, Bennett PH, Comess LJ, Rose FA, Burch TA (1970). "Gallbladder disease in pima indians. Demonstration of high prevalence and early onset by cholecystography". N. Engl. J. Med. 283 (25): 1358–64. doi:10.1056/NEJM197012172832502. PMID 5481754.The opening
<ref>tag is malformed or has a bad name - Pregnancy -
- Sex - A higher incidence is noted in women across all age groups.<ref>Maurer KR, Everhart JE, Ezzati TM, Johannes RS, Knowler WC, Larson DL, Sanders R, Shawker TH, Roth HP (1989). "Prevalence of gallstone disease in Hispanic populations in the United States". Gastroenterology. 96 (2 Pt 1): 487–92. PMID 2642879.The opening
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of Gallstone disease include:
- [Risk factor 1]
- [Risk factor 2]
- [Risk factor 3]
Risk factors
- More common in females.
- Obesity
- Sudden weight loss
- Prolonged fasting.
- Pregnancy
- Presence of Crohn's disease.
- Cystic fibrosis
- Diabetes,
- Liver cirrhosis
- Increasing age
- Extensive bowel resection
- Use of contraceptives and other medications like largactil, octreotide, and clofibrate
References
- ↑ Barbara, Luigi; Sama, Claudia; Labate, Antonio Maria Morselli; Taroni, Francesco; Rusticali, Anna Giulia; Festi, Davide; Sapio, Carlo; Roda, Enrico; Banterle, Claudio; Puci, Armando; Formentini, Franco; Colasanti, Silvia; Nardin, Francesco (1987). "A population study on the prevalence of gallstone disease: The sirmione study". Hepatology. 7 (5): 913–917. doi:10.1002/hep.1840070520. ISSN 0270-9139.