Hemochromatosis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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|Deposition of iron in basal ganglia | |Deposition of iron in basal ganglia | ||
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| rowspan=" | | rowspan="4" |Endocrine | ||
|Pituitary gland | |Pituitary gland | ||
|Menstrual abnormality | |Menstrual abnormality | ||
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|Deposition of iron in Thyroid gland | |Deposition of iron in Thyroid gland | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Pancreas | ||
| | |Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia | ||
| | |Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia | ||
| | |Deposition of iron in Pancreas | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Adrenal gland | ||
| | |Fatigue | ||
| | |Polyuria Hypotension | ||
| | |Deposition of iron in Adrenal gland | ||
| | |- | ||
|Dermatological | |||
|Skin | |||
|Cutaneous hyperpigmentation | |||
|Sun exposed affeced mostly with tan of melanin grey | |||
|iron damage skin, melanin hyperactivity responds thus color of melanin | |||
|- | |||
|Joints | |||
| Metacarpophalangeal | |||
Proximal interphalangeal | |||
wrist | |||
knee | |||
|Pain | |||
Stiffness | |||
|Decreased ROM | |||
Stiffness improve with rest | |||
|Deposition of iron in articular cartilage | |||
|- | |||
|Cardiovascular | |||
|Heart | |||
Blood vessels | |||
|Asymptomatic | |||
Heart failure palpitation Hypertension | |||
|Diastolic dysfunction | |||
Arrhythmias | |||
Dilated cardiomyopathy | |||
|Deposition of iron in cardiac tissue and blood vessels | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" |Gastrointestinal | |||
|Liver | |||
|Fatigue | |||
Fatty diarrhea | |||
Itching | |||
Jaundice | |||
Weight loss | |||
|Hepatomegaly | |||
Liver failure | |||
Liver cancer | |||
|Deposition of iron in liver | |||
|- | |||
|Gallbladder | |||
|Right upper abdominal pain | |||
|Tender hepatomegaly | |||
|Multiple blood transfusion leading to hemochromatosis | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 16:42, 4 December 2017
Hemochromatosis Microchapters |
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Hemochromatosis physical examination On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hemochromatosis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Physical Examination
- Erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism
- Congestive heart failure, arrhythmias or pericarditis
- Deafness[1]
- Dyskinesias, including Parkinsonian symptoms[2][1][3]
- Dysfunction of certain endocrine organs:
- Pancreatic gland, as above, manifesting as diabetes
- Adrenal gland (leading to adrenal insufficiency)
- Parathyroid gland (leading to hypocalcaemia)
- Pituitary gland
- Testes or ovary (leading to hypogonadism)
- A darkish color to the skin (see pigmentation, hence its name Diabete bronze )
Males are usually diagnosed after their forties, and women about a decade later, owing to regular iron loss by menstruation (which ceases in menopause). Cases of iron overload have been found in young children as well.
System involved | Organs | Symptom | Signs | Mechanisum |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nervous system | PNS | Parastheisa
Loss of motor control |
Loss of two point discrimination
Hyporeflaxia decreased power |
Axonal sensory motor polyneuropathy |
CNS | Abnormal gait
Dementia |
Dyskinesias(Parkinsonian syndrome Multiple sclerosis)
Cognitive decline |
Deposition of iron in basal ganglia | |
Endocrine | Pituitary gland | Menstrual abnormality
Loss of libido Loss of body hair |
Amenorreha
Erictle ddysfuntion |
Deposition of iron in Pituitary gland |
Thyroid gland | Fatigue | Signs of hypothyroidsium | Deposition of iron in Thyroid gland | |
Pancreas | Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia | Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia | Deposition of iron in Pancreas | |
Adrenal gland | Fatigue | Polyuria Hypotension | Deposition of iron in Adrenal gland | |
Dermatological | Skin | Cutaneous hyperpigmentation | Sun exposed affeced mostly with tan of melanin grey | iron damage skin, melanin hyperactivity responds thus color of melanin |
Joints | Metacarpophalangeal
Proximal interphalangeal wrist knee |
Pain
Stiffness |
Decreased ROM
Stiffness improve with rest |
Deposition of iron in articular cartilage |
Cardiovascular | Heart
Blood vessels |
Asymptomatic
Heart failure palpitation Hypertension |
Diastolic dysfunction
Arrhythmias Dilated cardiomyopathy |
Deposition of iron in cardiac tissue and blood vessels |
Gastrointestinal | Liver | Fatigue
Fatty diarrhea Itching Jaundice Weight loss |
Hepatomegaly
Liver failure Liver cancer |
Deposition of iron in liver |
Gallbladder | Right upper abdominal pain | Tender hepatomegaly | Multiple blood transfusion leading to hemochromatosis |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jones H, Hedley-Whyte E (1983). "Idiopathic hemochromatosis (IHC): dementia and ataxia as presenting signs". Neurology. 33 (11): 1479–83. PMID 6685241.
- ↑ Costello D, Walsh S, Harrington H, Walsh C (2004). "Concurrent hereditary haemochromatosis and idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a case report series". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 75 (4): 631–3. PMID 15026513.
- ↑ Nielsen J, Jensen L, Krabbe K (1995). "Hereditary haemochromatosis: a case of iron accumulation in the basal ganglia associated with a parkinsonian syndrome". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 59 (3): 318–21. PMID 7673967.