Constipation diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
When the stool is hard, infrequent, and requires significant effort to pass, you have constipation. The passage of large, wide stools may tear the mucosal membrane of the anus, especially in children. This can cause bleeding and the possibility of an anal fissure.
[[Diagnostic study of choice]] for constipation is ROME III criteria. Rome III criteria includes [[symptom]] onset for more than 6 months and two or more number of specific [[symptoms]]. Specific constipation [[symptoms]] include straining, hard [[stool]], sensation of incomplete evacuation, sensation of [[obstruction]], necessitate of manual maneuvers, less than 3 [[Bowel movement|bowel movements]] per week, lack of loose stool, and lack of [[Irritable bowel syndrome|irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)]].


==Diagnostic Study of Choice==
==Diagnostic Study of Choice==
The diagnostic criteria based on the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA),<ref name="pmid23261065">{{cite journal| author=Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR| title=American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2013 | volume= 144 | issue= 1 | pages= 218-38 | pmid=23261065 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028 | pmc=PMC3531555 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23261065  }} </ref> Rome III criteria<ref name="Longstreth-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Longstreth | first1 = GF. | last2 = Thompson | first2 = WG. | last3 = Chey | first3 = WD. | last4 = Houghton | first4 = LA. | last5 = Mearin | first5 = F. | last6 = Spiller | first6 = RC. | title = Functional bowel disorders. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 130 | issue = 5 | pages = 1480-91 | month = Apr | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.061 | PMID = 16678561 }}</ref> and pharmacologic studies based criteria<ref name="Lembo-2010">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lembo | first1 = AJ. | last2 = Kurtz | first2 = CB. | last3 = Macdougall | first3 = JE. | last4 = Lavins | first4 = BJ. | last5 = Currie | first5 = MG. | last6 = Fitch | first6 = DA. | last7 = Jeglinski | first7 = BI. | last8 = Johnston | first8 = JM. | title = Efficacy of linaclotide for patients with chronic constipation. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 138 | issue = 3 | pages = 886-95.e1 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.050 | PMID = 20045700 }}</ref> is as follows.
The [[diagnostic criteria]] based on the [[American Gastroenterological Association|American Gastroenterological Association (AGA)]]<ref name="pmid23261065">{{cite journal| author=Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR| title=American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2013 | volume= 144 | issue= 1 | pages= 218-38 | pmid=23261065 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028 | pmc=PMC3531555 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23261065  }} </ref>, Rome III criteria<ref name="Longstreth-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Longstreth | first1 = GF. | last2 = Thompson | first2 = WG. | last3 = Chey | first3 = WD. | last4 = Houghton | first4 = LA. | last5 = Mearin | first5 = F. | last6 = Spiller | first6 = RC. | title = Functional bowel disorders. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 130 | issue = 5 | pages = 1480-91 | month = Apr | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.061 | PMID = 16678561 }}</ref> and pharmacologic studies based criteria<ref name="Lembo-2010">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lembo | first1 = AJ. | last2 = Kurtz | first2 = CB. | last3 = Macdougall | first3 = JE. | last4 = Lavins | first4 = BJ. | last5 = Currie | first5 = MG. | last6 = Fitch | first6 = DA. | last7 = Jeglinski | first7 = BI. | last8 = Johnston | first8 = JM. | title = Efficacy of linaclotide for patients with chronic constipation. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 138 | issue = 3 | pages = 886-95.e1 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.050 | PMID = 20045700 }}</ref> is as follows.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Rome III criteria<ref name="pmid23261065">{{cite journal| author=Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR| title=American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2013 | volume= 144 | issue= 1 | pages= 218-38 | pmid=23261065 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028 | pmc=PMC3531555 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23261065  }} </ref><ref name="Longstreth-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Longstreth | first1 = GF. | last2 = Thompson | first2 = WG. | last3 = Chey | first3 = WD. | last4 = Houghton | first4 = LA. | last5 = Mearin | first5 = F. | last6 = Spiller | first6 = RC. | title = Functional bowel disorders. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 130 | issue = 5 | pages = 1480-91 | month = Apr | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.061 | PMID = 16678561 }}</ref>!! Pharmacologic studies based criteria<ref name="pmid23261065">{{cite journal| author=Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR| title=American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2013 | volume= 144 | issue= 1 | pages= 218-38 | pmid=23261065 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028 | pmc=PMC3531555 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23261065  }} </ref><ref name="Lembo-2010">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lembo | first1 = AJ. | last2 = Kurtz | first2 = CB. | last3 = Macdougall | first3 = JE. | last4 = Lavins | first4 = BJ. | last5 = Currie | first5 = MG. | last6 = Fitch | first6 = DA. | last7 = Jeglinski | first7 = BI. | last8 = Johnston | first8 = JM. | title = Efficacy of linaclotide for patients with chronic constipation. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 138 | issue = 3 | pages = 886-95.e1 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.050 | PMID = 20045700 }}</ref>
! Rome III criteria<ref name="pmid23261065">{{cite journal| author=Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR| title=American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2013 | volume= 144 | issue= 1 | pages= 218-38 | pmid=23261065 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028 | pmc=PMC3531555 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23261065  }} </ref><ref name="Longstreth-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Longstreth | first1 = GF. | last2 = Thompson | first2 = WG. | last3 = Chey | first3 = WD. | last4 = Houghton | first4 = LA. | last5 = Mearin | first5 = F. | last6 = Spiller | first6 = RC. | title = Functional bowel disorders. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 130 | issue = 5 | pages = 1480-91 | month = Apr | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.061 | PMID = 16678561 }}</ref>!! Pharmacologic studies based criteria<ref name="pmid23261065">{{cite journal| author=Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR| title=American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2013 | volume= 144 | issue= 1 | pages= 218-38 | pmid=23261065 | doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028 | pmc=PMC3531555 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23261065  }} </ref><ref name="Lembo-2010">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Lembo | first1 = AJ. | last2 = Kurtz | first2 = CB. | last3 = Macdougall | first3 = JE. | last4 = Lavins | first4 = BJ. | last5 = Currie | first5 = MG. | last6 = Fitch | first6 = DA. | last7 = Jeglinski | first7 = BI. | last8 = Johnston | first8 = JM. | title = Efficacy of linaclotide for patients with chronic constipation. | journal = Gastroenterology | volume = 138 | issue = 3 | pages = 886-95.e1 | month = Mar | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.050 | PMID = 20045700 }}</ref>
|-
|-
| Symptom onset for ≥6 months and ≥2 of the following for the past 3 months:
| '''''Symptom onset for ≥ 6 months and ≥ 2 of the following for the past 3 months:'''''
* Straining during at least one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Straining during at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Hard or lumpy stools in at least one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Hard or lumpy [[stools]] in at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Sensation of incomplete evacuation for at least one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Sensation of incomplete evacuation for at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Sensation of anorectal obstruction/blockade for at least one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Sensation of [[anorectal]] [[obstruction]]/blockade for at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Manual maneuvers to facilitate at least one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Manual maneuvers to facilitate at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* <3 defecations/week<br>
* < 3 [[Defecation|defecations]] per week
* Without the use of laxatives, loose stools are rarely present<br>
* Without the use of [[laxatives]], loose [[stools]] are rarely present
* No sufficient criteria for irritable bowel syndrome
* No sufficient criteria for [[Irritable bowel syndrome|irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)]]
|| Spontaneous bowel movements <3 per week and ≥1 of the following for at least 12 weeks during the past 12 months:
|| '''''Spontaneous bowel movements < 3 per week and ≥ 1 of the following for at least 12 weeks during the past 12 months:'''''
* Straining during more than one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Straining during at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Lumpy or hard stools in more than one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Hard or lumpy [[stools]] in at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Sensation of incomplete evacuation in more than one-fourth of defecation<br>
* Sensation of incomplete evacuation for at least one-fourth of [[Defecation|defecations]]
* Absence of loose stools or watery spontaneous bowel movements
* Absence of loose [[stools]] or watery spontaneous [[Bowel movement|bowel movements]]
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 14:29, 13 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Diagnostic study of choice for constipation is ROME III criteria. Rome III criteria includes symptom onset for more than 6 months and two or more number of specific symptoms. Specific constipation symptoms include straining, hard stool, sensation of incomplete evacuation, sensation of obstruction, necessitate of manual maneuvers, less than 3 bowel movements per week, lack of loose stool, and lack of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Diagnostic Study of Choice

The diagnostic criteria based on the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA)[1], Rome III criteria[2] and pharmacologic studies based criteria[3] is as follows.

Rome III criteria[1][2] Pharmacologic studies based criteria[1][3]
Symptom onset for ≥ 6 months and ≥ 2 of the following for the past 3 months: Spontaneous bowel movements < 3 per week and ≥ 1 of the following for at least 12 weeks during the past 12 months:

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bharucha AE, Pemberton JH, Locke GR (2013). "American Gastroenterological Association technical review on constipation". Gastroenterology. 144 (1): 218–38. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.028. PMC 3531555. PMID 23261065.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Longstreth, GF.; Thompson, WG.; Chey, WD.; Houghton, LA.; Mearin, F.; Spiller, RC. (2006). "Functional bowel disorders". Gastroenterology. 130 (5): 1480–91. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.061. PMID 16678561. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. 3.0 3.1 Lembo, AJ.; Kurtz, CB.; Macdougall, JE.; Lavins, BJ.; Currie, MG.; Fitch, DA.; Jeglinski, BI.; Johnston, JM. (2010). "Efficacy of linaclotide for patients with chronic constipation". Gastroenterology. 138 (3): 886–95.e1. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.050. PMID 20045700. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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