Lactose intolerance epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
The prevalence of lactose intolerance is approximately 75000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
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**Hispanics: 51000  per 100,000 individuals
**Hispanics: 51000  per 100,000 individuals
**Caucasians: 21000 per 100,000 individuals
**Caucasians: 21000 per 100,000 individuals
 
*The prevalence of lactose intolerance in Latin America, Africa, and Asia is 15000-100000 per 100,000 individuals.
* In  Latin America, Africa, and Asia prevalence rates range from 15-100% depending on the population studied.


===Age===
===Age===
* The prevalence of lactose intoleance are low in children younger than six years <ref name="pmid8026265">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rao DR, Bello H, Warren AP, Brown GE |title=Prevalence of lactose maldigestion. Influence and interaction of age, race, and sex |journal=Dig. Dis. Sci. |volume=39 |issue=7 |pages=1519–24 |year=1994 |pmid=8026265 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11761016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Strocchi A, Corazza GR |title=Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in the elderly |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=1274–8 |year=2001 |pmid=11761016 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* The prevalence of lactose intoleance are low in children younger than six years. <ref name="pmid8026265">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rao DR, Bello H, Warren AP, Brown GE |title=Prevalence of lactose maldigestion. Influence and interaction of age, race, and sex |journal=Dig. Dis. Sci. |volume=39 |issue=7 |pages=1519–24 |year=1994 |pmid=8026265 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11761016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Strocchi A, Corazza GR |title=Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in the elderly |journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=1274–8 |year=2001 |pmid=11761016 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* The prevalence of lactose intoleance inceresed with age
* The prevalence of lactose intoleance inceresed with age


Revision as of 21:14, 15 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]

Overview

The prevalence of lactose intolerance is approximately 75000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

  • The prevalence of lactose intolerance is approximately 75000 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]
  • In North America, the prevalence of lactose intolerance:
    • Native America: 79000 per 100,000 individuals
    • Black: 75000 per 100,000 individuals
    • Hispanics: 51000 per 100,000 individuals
    • Caucasians: 21000 per 100,000 individuals
  • The prevalence of lactose intolerance in Latin America, Africa, and Asia is 15000-100000 per 100,000 individuals.

Age

  • The prevalence of lactose intoleance are low in children younger than six years. [2][3]
  • The prevalence of lactose intoleance inceresed with age

Race

  • Lactose intolerance usually affects individuals of the:[4][5]
    • African Americans
    • Hispanics
    • Asians
    • Asian Americans
    • Native Americans
  • Europeans and European Americans individuals are less likely to develop lactose intolerance.

Gender

  • Lactose intolerance affects men and women equally.

Region

  • The majority of lactose intolerance cases are reported in Far East.[6]
  • Around the North Sea, in Northwestern Europe has the lowest prevalence of lactose intolerance.
  • High rates of lactase intolerance in Africa:[7]
    • Nigeria
    • Malawi
    • Sudan
    • Ethiopia
    • Uganda
  • Low rates of lactose intolerance in Africa:
    • Cameroon 
    • Mali 
    • South Africa
    • Morocco
  • Congenital lactase deficiency is a rare disease that tends to affect Finnish population.[8]

Developing Countries

  • Secondary lactase deficiency is more common in children, particularly in developing countries due to high prevalence of infections. [9]

References

  1. ↑ Silanikove N, Leitner G, Merin U (2015). "The Interrelationships between Lactose Intolerance and the Modern Dairy Industry: Global Perspectives in Evolutional and Historical Backgrounds". Nutrients. 7 (9): 7312–31. doi:10.3390/nu7095340. PMC 4586535. PMID 26404364.
  2. ↑ Rao DR, Bello H, Warren AP, Brown GE (1994). "Prevalence of lactose maldigestion. Influence and interaction of age, race, and sex". Dig. Dis. Sci. 39 (7): 1519–24. PMID 8026265.
  3. ↑ Di Stefano M, Veneto G, Malservisi S, Strocchi A, Corazza GR (2001). "Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in the elderly". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 36 (12): 1274–8. PMID 11761016.
  4. ↑ Scrimshaw NS, Murray EB (1988). "The acceptability of milk and milk products in populations with a high prevalence of lactose intolerance". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 48 (4 Suppl): 1079–159. PMID 3140651.
  5. ↑ Itan Y, Jones BL, Ingram CJ, Swallow DM, Thomas MG (2010). "A worldwide correlation of lactase persistence phenotype and genotypes". BMC Evol. Biol. 10: 36. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-36. PMC 2834688. PMID 20144208.
  6. ↑ Sahi T (1994). "Genetics and epidemiology of adult-type hypolactasia". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. 202: 7–20. PMID 8042019.
  7. ↑ Mattar R, de Campos Mazo DF, Carrilho FJ (2012). "Lactose intolerance: diagnosis, genetic, and clinical factors". Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 5: 113–21. doi:10.2147/CEG.S32368. PMC 3401057. PMID 22826639.
  8. ↑ Järvelä I, Enattah NS, Kokkonen J, Varilo T, Savilahti E, Peltonen L (1998). "Assignment of the locus for congenital lactase deficiency to 2q21, in the vicinity of but separate from the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase gene". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 63 (4): 1078–85. PMC 1377496. PMID 9758622.
  9. ↑ Bhatnagar S, Aggarwal R (2007). "Lactose intolerance". BMJ. 334 (7608): 1331–2. doi:10.1136/bmj.39252.524375.80. PMC 1906652. PMID 17599979.

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