Inguinal hernia physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].

Physical Examination

• Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for:[finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
• The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].
• The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with inguinal hernia usually appear good.

Vital Signs

• Normal vital signs

Skin

• No skin abnormality

HEENT

• No HEENT abnormality

Neck

• No neck abnormality

Lungs

• Clear

Heart

• Normal S1 and S2

Abdomen

• A palpable abdominal mass in the flank may be present

Back

• No back abnormality

Genitourinary

• A pelvic/adnexal mass may be palpated
• Inflamed mucosa
• Clear/(color), foul-smelling/odorless penile/vaginal discharge

Neuromuscular

• Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
• Glasgow coma scale is 15/15

Extremities

• Bulge in the groin

NOTE:Examination for hernia is best performed with the patient standing and the physician seated in front of the patient. Observation of the groin will reveal an obvious bulge. This can be confirmed as a hernia by placing the hand over the bulge and asking the patient to cough or perform a Valsalva maneuver. When coughing, hernias produce a distinct, soft impulse that increases the protrusion. The sensation is distinct from the firmer impulse that is felt when the intact abdominal wall is tensed with coughing.