Diaphragmatic hernia natural history, complications, and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==== | ==Natural history, complications and prognosis== | ||
===Natural history=== | |||
*90% of the cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia presents in the neonatal period. | |||
*If left untreated, congenital diaphragmatic hernia can be fatal due to pulmonary hypoplasia and severe [[pulmonary hypertension]]. | |||
===Complications=== | |||
====GI complications<ref name="pmid22214468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tovar JA |title=Congenital diaphragmatic hernia |journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis |volume=7 |issue= |pages=1 |year=2012 |pmid=22214468 |pmc=3261088 |doi=10.1186/1750-1172-7-1 |url=}}</ref>==== | |||
*Abnormal developmental [[Midgut|rotation of the midgut]] | |||
*[[Midgut volvulus]] | |||
*[[Gastric volvulus]] | |||
====Cardiopulmonary complications<ref name="pmid22214468">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tovar JA |title=Congenital diaphragmatic hernia |journal=Orphanet J Rare Dis |volume=7 |issue= |pages=1 |year=2012 |pmid=22214468 |pmc=3261088 |doi=10.1186/1750-1172-7-1 |url=}}</ref>==== | |||
*Pulmonary hypoplasia | |||
*[[Pulmonary hypertension|Pulmonary artery hypertension]] | |||
*In severe cases, ventricular hypoplasia | |||
===Prognosis=== | |||
*The prognosis is mainly dependent on the size of the defect and the degree of the herniation.<ref name="pmid28331629">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chandrasekharan PK, Rawat M, Madappa R, Rothstein DH, Lakshminrusimha S |title=Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia - a review |journal=Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol |volume=3 |issue= |pages=6 |year=2017 |pmid=28331629 |pmc=5356475 |doi=10.1186/s40748-017-0045-1 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*The presence or absence of liver herniation on [[MRI|fetal MRI]] is the most reliable prediction of the postnatal survival. | |||
*The estimation of fetal [[lung volume]] and lung area to head circumference is a useful indicator of the prognosis of the disease in the absence of liver herniation. | |||
*The [[mortality]] ranges from 25-60% of the cases. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} |
Revision as of 16:33, 22 December 2017
Diaphragmatic hernia Main page |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Natural history, complications and prognosis
Natural history
- 90% of the cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia presents in the neonatal period.
- If left untreated, congenital diaphragmatic hernia can be fatal due to pulmonary hypoplasia and severe pulmonary hypertension.
Complications
GI complications[1]
- Abnormal developmental rotation of the midgut
- Midgut volvulus
- Gastric volvulus
Cardiopulmonary complications[1]
- Pulmonary hypoplasia
- Pulmonary artery hypertension
- In severe cases, ventricular hypoplasia
Prognosis
- The prognosis is mainly dependent on the size of the defect and the degree of the herniation.[2]
- The presence or absence of liver herniation on fetal MRI is the most reliable prediction of the postnatal survival.
- The estimation of fetal lung volume and lung area to head circumference is a useful indicator of the prognosis of the disease in the absence of liver herniation.
- The mortality ranges from 25-60% of the cases.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tovar JA (2012). "Congenital diaphragmatic hernia". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 7: 1. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-7-1. PMC 3261088. PMID 22214468.
- ↑ Chandrasekharan PK, Rawat M, Madappa R, Rothstein DH, Lakshminrusimha S (2017). "Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia - a review". Matern Health Neonatol Perinatol. 3: 6. doi:10.1186/s40748-017-0045-1. PMC 5356475. PMID 28331629.