Ischemic colitis causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Ischemic colitis causes of reduced [[blood]] flow can include changes in the systemic circulation such as [[hypotension|low blood pressure]] or local factors such as [[vasoconstriction|constriction of blood vessels]], a [[blood clot]], or drugs. In most cases, no specific cause can be identified. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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*Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause. | *Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause. | ||
**Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of [[low blood pressure]] or constriction of the vessels supplying blood to the colon. | **Non-occlusive [[ischemia]] develops because of [[low blood pressure]] or constriction of the [[Blood vessel|vessels]] supplying [[blood]] to the [[Colon (anatomy)|colon]]. | ||
**Occlusive ischemia indicates that a [[blood clot]] or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the [[colon]]. | **[[Thromboembolism|Occlusive]] [[ischemia]] indicates that a [[blood clot]] or other blockage has cut off [[blood]] flow to the [[colon]]. | ||
===Non-occlusive Ischemia=== | ===Non-occlusive Ischemia=== | ||
* In hemodynamically unstable patients the [[mesenteric]] perfusion can be compromised. | * In [[Hemodynamics|hemodynamically]] unstable patients the [[mesenteric]] perfusion can be compromised. | ||
===Occlusive Ischemia=== | ===Occlusive Ischemia=== | ||
*Obstructive atherosclerotic disease | *[[Cardiovascular disease|Obstructive]] [[Atherosclerosis|atherosclerotic]] disease | ||
**[[Superior mesenteric artery]] occlusion | |||
* [[Thromboembolism]] | |||
* [[Thromboembolism]] | |||
** Most commonly the [[embolism]] is due to [[atrial fibrillation]] | |||
** [[Valvular heart disease]] including [[endocarditis]] | |||
** [[Myocardial infarction]] | |||
** [[Cardiomyopathy]] | |||
*[[Hernia]] | *[[Hernia]] | ||
*[[Tumor]] | *[[Tumor]] | ||
Revision as of 14:50, 9 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]
Overview
Ischemic colitis causes of reduced blood flow can include changes in the systemic circulation such as low blood pressure or local factors such as constriction of blood vessels, a blood clot, or drugs. In most cases, no specific cause can be identified.
Causes
The causes of ischemic colitis are as follows:[1][2][3]
- Ischemic colitis is often classified according to the underlying cause.
- Non-occlusive ischemia develops because of low blood pressure or constriction of the vessels supplying blood to the colon.
- Occlusive ischemia indicates that a blood clot or other blockage has cut off blood flow to the colon.
Non-occlusive Ischemia
- In hemodynamically unstable patients the mesenteric perfusion can be compromised.
Occlusive Ischemia
- Obstructive atherosclerotic disease
- Superior mesenteric artery occlusion
- Thromboembolism
- Most commonly the embolism is due to atrial fibrillation
- Valvular heart disease including endocarditis
- Myocardial infarction
- Cardiomyopathy
Drugs
- Alosetron
- Cilansetron
- Interferon alfacon-1
- Pegylated interferon alfa-2b
- Ramosetron
- Vasopressors
- Ergotamine
References
- ↑ Hass, David J.; Kozuch, Patricia; Brandt, Lawrence J. (2007). "Pharmacologically Mediated Colon Ischemia". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102 (8): 1765–1780. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01260.x. ISSN 0002-9270.
- ↑ Theodoropoulou, Αngeliki; Κoutroubakis, Ioannis E (2008). "Ischemic colitis: Clinical practice in diagnosis and treatment". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 (48): 7302. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.7302. ISSN 1007-9327.
- ↑ Feldman: Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 7th ed., 2002 Saunders, p. 2332.