Gallbladder cancer screening: Difference between revisions
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** Thickening of the gallbladder wall | ** Thickening of the gallbladder wall | ||
** A mass replacing the gallbladder | ** A mass replacing the gallbladder | ||
=== '''Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)'''<ref name="pmid12235875">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kinoshita H, Hara M, Hashino K, Hashimoto M, Nishimura K, Kodama T, Hamada S, Matsuo H, Yasunaga M, Odo M, Tamae T, Noritomi T, Hiraki M, Okuda K, Imayama H, Shirouzu K, Aoyagi S |title=A case of gallbladder cancer associated with pancreaticobiliary maljunction |journal=Kurume Med J |volume=49 |issue=1-2 |pages=61–5 |year=2002 |pmid=12235875 |doi= |url=}}</ref> === | |||
* ERCP may be helpful in diagnosing abnormal pancreaticobiliary ducts and also in collection of biles and biospy samples | |||
* ERCP is a very good tool in diagnosing filling defects of the gallbladder,It is best used for identifying tumour extension into the bile ducts. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:41, 19 January 2018
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Gallbladder cancer screening On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Gallbladder cancer screening |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]
Overview
According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, gallbladder cancer may be diagnosed as an accidental finding in patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Screening
- According to the NCCN guidelines, screening for gallbladder cancer patients is recommended with endoscopic ultrasongraphy (EUS), computed tomography (CT) , magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with/without contrast and patients after incidental finding during laparoscopic cholecystectomy patient are recommmends considering staging laparoscopy.
Ultrasound
- when gallbladder pathology is suspected ultrasonography is most commonly the first choice for screening.
- Sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound screening is 85% and 80%.
- A High-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasonography identifies up to 70–90% of polypoid gallbladder lesions.[1]
- Gallbladder cancer on ultrasound have one of the following feartures[2]
- 1) A mass in the gallbladder
- 2) A polyp in the gallbladder
- 3) Asymmetric wall thickening of the gallbladder
- Polyps which are over 1 cm in diameter have higher chance to contain an invasive cancer than smaller ones.[3]
- With Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography gallbladder cancer shows an “eruption sign”[4]
Computer Tomography (CT)
- The most common non-invasive imaging studies for evaluating gallbladder cancer include CT.
- In diagnosis and staging of GBC CT scan is useful.
- Ct scan is helpful in detection of invasion to adjacent tissues like liver, lymphadenopathy and other organs
- Four patterns of gallbladder cancer have been described on CT scan
- In CT scan features of gallbladder cancer include[5][6]
- Polypoid mass within the gallbladder
- Thickening of the gallbladder wall
- A mass replacing the gallbladder
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)[7]
- ERCP may be helpful in diagnosing abnormal pancreaticobiliary ducts and also in collection of biles and biospy samples
- ERCP is a very good tool in diagnosing filling defects of the gallbladder,It is best used for identifying tumour extension into the bile ducts.
References
- ↑ Inui K, Yoshino J, Miyoshi H (2011). "Diagnosis of gallbladder tumors". Intern. Med. 50 (11): 1133–6. PMID 21628925.
- ↑ Kanthan R, Senger JL, Ahmed S, Kanthan SC (2015). "Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century". J Oncol. 2015: 967472. doi:10.1155/2015/967472. PMC 4569807. PMID 26421012.
- ↑ Wibbenmeyer LA, Sharafuddin MJ, Wolverson MK, Heiberg EV, Wade TP, Shields JB (1995). "Sonographic diagnosis of unsuspected gallbladder cancer: imaging findings in comparison with benign gallbladder conditions". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165 (5): 1169–74. doi:10.2214/ajr.165.5.7572497. PMID 7572497.
- ↑ Vijayakumar A, Vijayakumar A, Patil V, Mallikarjuna MN, Shivaswamy BS (2013). "Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma: an algorithm approach". ISRN Radiol. 2013: 239424. doi:10.5402/2013/239424. PMC 4045520. PMID 24959553.
- ↑ Deshmukh SD, Johnson PT, Sheth S, Hruban R, Fishman EK (2013). "CT of gallbladder cancer and its mimics: a pattern-based approach". Abdom Imaging. 38 (3): 527–36. doi:10.1007/s00261-012-9907-1. PMID 22581235.
- ↑ Vijayakumar A, Vijayakumar A, Patil V, Mallikarjuna MN, Shivaswamy BS (2013). "Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma: an algorithm approach". ISRN Radiol. 2013: 239424. doi:10.5402/2013/239424. PMC 4045520. PMID 24959553.
- ↑ Kinoshita H, Hara M, Hashino K, Hashimoto M, Nishimura K, Kodama T, Hamada S, Matsuo H, Yasunaga M, Odo M, Tamae T, Noritomi T, Hiraki M, Okuda K, Imayama H, Shirouzu K, Aoyagi S (2002). "A case of gallbladder cancer associated with pancreaticobiliary maljunction". Kurume Med J. 49 (1–2): 61–5. PMID 12235875.