|
|
| Line 39: |
Line 39: |
| | | | | |
| *[[Peptic ulcer|PUD]]: 5% cases (most commonly affecting [[pylorus]] and initial part of the [[duodenum]]) | | *[[Peptic ulcer|PUD]]: 5% cases (most commonly affecting [[pylorus]] and initial part of the [[duodenum]]) |
| *[[Polyps|Gastric polyps]]<ref name="pmid7129059">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miner PB, Harri JE, McPhee MS |title=Intermittent gastric outlet obstruction from a pedunculated gastric polyp |journal=Gastrointest. Endosc. |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=219–20 |year=1982 |pmid=7129059 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12831404">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gencosmanoglu R, Sen-Oran E, Kurtkaya-Yapicier O, Tozun N |title=Antral hyperplastic polyp causing intermittent gastric outlet obstruction: case report |journal=BMC Gastroenterol |volume=3 |issue= |pages=16 |year=2003 |pmid=12831404 |pmc=166166 |doi=10.1186/1471-230X-3-16 |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Polyps|Gastric polyps]] |
| *[[Caustic|Caustic ingestion]]<ref name="pmid2753330">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zargar SA, Kochhar R, Nagi B, Mehta S, Mehta SK |title=Ingestion of corrosive acids. Spectrum of injury to upper gastrointestinal tract and natural history |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=702–7 |year=1989 |pmid=2753330 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Caustic|Caustic ingestion]] |
| *[[Stenosis|Duodenal stricture]] <ref name="pmid2000520">{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor SM, Adams DB, Anderson MC |title=Duodenal stricture: a complication of chronic fibrocalcific pancreatitis |journal=South. Med. J. |volume=84 |issue=3 |pages=338–41 |year=1991 |pmid=2000520 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| | *Systemic [[amyloidosis]] of the [[gastrointestinal tract]] |
| *Systemic [[amyloidosis]] of the [[gastrointestinal tract]] <ref name="pmid8331978">{{cite journal |vauthors=Menke DM, Kyle RA, Fleming CR, Wolfe JT, Kurtin PJ, Oldenburg WA |title=Symptomatic gastric amyloidosis in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=68 |issue=8 |pages=763–7 |year=1993 |pmid=8331978 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9891699">{{cite journal |vauthors=Friedman S, Janowitz HD |title=Systemic amyloidosis and the gastrointestinal tract |journal=Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=595–614, vi |year=1998 |pmid=9891699 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | *Eosinophillic [[gastroenteritis]] |
| *Eosinophillic [[gastroenteritis]] <ref name="pmid10660821">{{cite journal |vauthors=Khan S, Orenstein SR |title=Eosinophilic gastroenteritis masquerading as pyloric stenosis |journal=Clin Pediatr (Phila) |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=55–7 |year=2000 |pmid=10660821 |doi=10.1177/000992280003900109 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11400803">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chaudhary R, Shrivastava RK, Mukhopadhyay HG, Diwan RN, Das AK |title=Eosinophilic gastritis--an unusual cause of gastric outlet obstruction |journal=Indian J Gastroenterol |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=110 |year=2001 |pmid=11400803 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17614041">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tursi A, Rella G, Inchingolo CD, Maiorano M |title=Gastric outlet obstruction due to gastroduodenal eosinophilic gastroenteritis |journal=Endoscopy |volume=39 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=E184 |year=2007 |pmid=17614041 |doi=10.1055/s-2006-945125 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14669340">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen MJ, Chu CH, Lin SC, Shih SC, Wang TE |title=Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: clinical experience with 15 patients |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=2813–6 |year=2003 |pmid=14669340 |pmc=4612059 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8420276">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee CM, Changchien CS, Chen PC, Lin DY, Sheen IS, Wang CS, Tai DI, Sheen-Chen SM, Chen WJ, Wu CS |title=Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: 10 years experience |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=70–4 |year=1993 |pmid=8420276 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |
| *[[Obstruction]] by [[Gallstone disease|gallstones]] (Bouveret syndrome) | | *[[Obstruction]] by [[Gallstone disease|gallstones]] (Bouveret syndrome) |
| *Complication of [[acute pancreatitis]]: [[pancreatic pseudocyst]] formation<ref name="pmid6732492">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aranha GV, Prinz RA, Greenlee HB, Freeark RJ |title=Gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction from inflammatory pancreatic disease |journal=Arch Surg |volume=119 |issue=7 |pages=833–5 |year=1984 |pmid=6732492 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4811173">{{cite journal |vauthors=Agrawal NM, Gyr N, McDowell W, Font RG |title=Intestinal obstruction due to acute pancreatitis. Case report and review of literature |journal=Am J Dig Dis |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=179–85 |year=1974 |pmid=4811173 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | *Complication of [[acute pancreatitis]]: [[pancreatic pseudocyst]] formation |
| *[[Chronic pancreatitis]] <ref name="pmid2658160">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bradley EL |title=Complications of chronic pancreatitis |journal=Surg. Clin. North Am. |volume=69 |issue=3 |pages=481–97 |year=1989 |pmid=2658160 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19629001">{{cite journal |vauthors=Levenick JM, Gordon SR, Sutton JE, Suriawinata A, Gardner TB |title=A comprehensive, case-based review of groove pancreatitis |journal=Pancreas |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=e169–75 |year=2009 |pmid=19629001 |doi=10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181ac73f1 |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Chronic pancreatitis]] |
| *[[Sarcoidosis]] of the [[Gastrointestinal tract|GIT]] <ref name="pmid2180656">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stampfl DA, Grimm IS, Barbot DJ, Rosato FE, Gordon SJ |title=Sarcoidosis causing duodenal obstruction. Case report and review of gastrointestinal manifestations |journal=Dig. Dis. Sci. |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=526–32 |year=1990 |pmid=2180656 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid807981">{{cite journal |vauthors=Johnson FE, Humbert JR, Kuzela DC, Todd JK, Lilly JR |title=Gastric outlet obstruction due to X-linked chronic granulomatous disease |journal=Surgery |volume=78 |issue=2 |pages=217–23 |year=1975 |pmid=807981 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6623357">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mulholland MW, Delaney JP, Simmons RL |title=Gastrointestinal complications of chronic granulomatous disease: surgical implications |journal=Surgery |volume=94 |issue=4 |pages=569–75 |year=1983 |pmid=6623357 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16970572">{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang A, Abbasakoor F, Vaizey CJ |title=Gastrointestinal manifestations of chronic granulomatous disease |journal=Colorectal Dis |volume=8 |issue=8 |pages=637–44 |year=2006 |pmid=16970572 |doi=10.1111/j.1463-1318.2006.01030.x |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Sarcoidosis]] of the [[Gastrointestinal tract|GIT]] |
| *[[Bezoar|Bezoars]]<ref name="pmid9291515">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bakken DA, Abramo TJ |title=Gastric lactobezoar: a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction |journal=Pediatr Emerg Care |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=264–7 |year=1997 |pmid=9291515 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10328129">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Backer A, Van Nooten V, Vandenplas Y |title=Huge gastric trichobezoar in a 10-year-old girl: case report with emphasis on endoscopy in diagnosis and therapy |journal=J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. |volume=28 |issue=5 |pages=513–5 |year=1999 |pmid=10328129 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9663194">{{cite journal |vauthors=Phillips MR, Zaheer S, Drugas GT |title=Gastric trichobezoar: case report and literature review |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=73 |issue=7 |pages=653–6 |year=1998 |pmid=9663194 |doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(11)64889-1 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14738689">{{cite journal |vauthors=White NB, Gibbs KE, Goodwin A, Teixeira J |title=Gastric bezoar complicating laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, and review of literature |journal=Obes Surg |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=948–50 |year=2003 |pmid=14738689 |doi=10.1381/096089203322618849 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16448609">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zapata R, Castillo F, Córdova A |title=[Gastric food bezoar as a complication of bariatric surgery. Case report and review of the literature] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=77–80 |year=2006 |pmid=16448609 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Bezoar|Bezoars]] |
| *[[Crohn's disease]] involving the [[duodenum]] <ref name="pmid2919581">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nugent FW, Roy MA |title=Duodenal Crohn's disease: an analysis of 89 cases |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=84 |issue=3 |pages=249–54 |year=1989 |pmid=2919581 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16278730">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kefalas CH |title=Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease |journal=Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=147–51 |year=2003 |pmid=16278730 |pmc=1201000 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9360875">{{cite journal |vauthors=Matsui T, Hatakeyama S, Ikeda K, Yao T, Takenaka K, Sakurai T |title=Long-term outcome of endoscopic balloon dilation in obstructive gastroduodenal Crohn's disease |journal=Endoscopy |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=640–5 |year=1997 |pmid=9360875 |doi=10.1055/s-2007-1004271 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6106466">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fitzgibbons TJ, Green G, Silberman H, Eliasoph J, Halls JM, Yellin AE |title=Management of Crohn's disease involving the duodenum, including duodenal cutaneous fistula |journal=Arch Surg |volume=115 |issue=9 |pages=1022–8 |year=1980 |pmid=6106466 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Crohn's disease]] involving the [[duodenum]] |
| *[[Stomach|Gastro]]-[[Duodenum|duodenal]] [[tuberculosis]]<ref name="pmid12703983">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amarapurkar DN, Patel ND, Amarapurkar AD |title=Primary gastric tuberculosis--report of 5 cases |journal=BMC Gastroenterol |volume=3 |issue= |pages=6 |year=2003 |pmid=12703983 |pmc=155648 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15540690">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rao YG, Pande GK, Sahni P, Chattopadhyay TK |title=Gastroduodenal tuberculosis management guidelines, based on a large experience and a review of the literature |journal=Can J Surg |volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=364–8 |year=2004 |pmid=15540690 |pmc=3211943 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16217956">{{cite journal |vauthors=Padussis J, Loffredo B, McAneny D |title=Minimally invasive management of obstructive gastroduodenal tuberculosis |journal=Am Surg |volume=71 |issue=8 |pages=698–700 |year=2005 |pmid=16217956 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8677960">{{cite journal |vauthors=Di Placido R, Pietroletti R, Leardi S, Simi M |title=Primary gastroduodenal tuberculous infection presenting as pyloric outlet obstruction |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=91 |issue=4 |pages=807–8 |year=1996 |pmid=8677960 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3605037">{{cite journal |vauthors=Subei I, Attar B, Schmitt G, Levendoglu H |title=Primary gastric tuberculosis: a case report and literature review |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=82 |issue=8 |pages=769–72 |year=1987 |pmid=3605037 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | *[[Stomach|Gastro]]-[[Duodenum|duodenal]] [[tuberculosis]] |
| * Pyloric stenosis
| |
| * Ingestion of [[corrosive|corrosives]] | | * Ingestion of [[corrosive|corrosives]] |
| | | | | |
</figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline> Recent out break of leptospirosis is reported in Bronx, New York and found 3 cases in the months January and February, 2017.
![Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]](/images/2/2f/Pancreatic_insulinoma_histology_2.JPG)
Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]![Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Chromogranin A immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]](/images/a/a3/Pancreatic_insulinoma_histopathology_3.JPG)
Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Chromogranin A immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]![Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Insulin immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]](/images/d/d5/Pancreatic_insulinoma_histology_4.JPG)
Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Insulin immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]![Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]](/index.php/File:Pancreatic_insulinoma_histology_2.JPG)
![Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Chromogranin A immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]](/index.php/File:Pancreatic_insulinoma_histopathology_3.JPG)
![Histopathology of a pancreatic endocrine tumor (insulinoma). Insulin immunostain. Source:https://librepathology.org/wiki/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas[1]](/index.php/File:Pancreatic_insulinoma_histology_4.JPG)