Sialadenosis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Pathogenesis=== | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
==== Sialolithiasis : ==== | |||
* | * Presence of stones within the salivary glands or the salivary gland ducts. | ||
* The exact pathogenesis of sialolithias is not fully understood but relative stagnation of salivary flow and calcium concentration may be important. | |||
* Component of salivary stones include: <ref name="pmid104777892">{{cite journal |vauthors=Williams MF |title=Sialolithiasis |journal=Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=819–34 |year=1999 |pmid=10477789 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
** Calcium phosphate | |||
** Hydroxyapatite | |||
** Magnesium | |||
** Ammonium | |||
** Potassium | |||
* Parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands and minor salivary glands are prone to the development of stones.<ref name="pmid25443682">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mandel L |title=Salivary gland disorders |journal=Med. Clin. North Am. |volume=98 |issue=6 |pages=1407–49 |year=2014 |pmid=25443682 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2014.08.008 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Parotid glands and stensen ducts are located anterior to the external auditory canal. | |||
* Submandibular glands and wharton ducts are located beneath the floor of the mouth. | |||
* Sublingual glands are located beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth. | |||
* 75 percent of sialadenosis cases are single | |||
* 3 percent of stones are bilateral and most of them are located in parotid glands. | |||
* Submandibular stones are the largest ones and are often located in the wharton ducts. | |||
* | * Parotid stones are the smaller than submandibular stones, and they are more located within the glands and they are more multiple. | ||
* | * Stone formation is 80 to 90 percent in the submandibular gland, 6 to 20 percent in the parotid glands, 1 to 2 percent occur in the sublingual or minor salivary glands .<ref name="pmid3318353">{{cite journal |vauthors=McKenna JP, Bostock DJ, McMenamin PG |title=Sialolithiasis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=119–25 |year=1987 |pmid=3318353 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10477789">{{cite journal |vauthors=Williams MF |title=Sialolithiasis |journal=Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=819–34 |year=1999 |pmid=10477789 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* | * Stones occur equally on the right and left sides. | ||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
Revision as of 17:54, 29 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not fully understood.
OR
It is thought that [disease name] is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either [hypothesis 1], [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
OR
[Pathogen name] is usually transmitted via the [transmission route] route to the human host.
OR
Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
OR
[Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
OR
The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
OR
The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
Sialolithiasis :
- Presence of stones within the salivary glands or the salivary gland ducts.
- The exact pathogenesis of sialolithias is not fully understood but relative stagnation of salivary flow and calcium concentration may be important.
- Component of salivary stones include: [1]
- Calcium phosphate
- Hydroxyapatite
- Magnesium
- Ammonium
- Potassium
- Parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands and minor salivary glands are prone to the development of stones.[2]
- Parotid glands and stensen ducts are located anterior to the external auditory canal.
- Submandibular glands and wharton ducts are located beneath the floor of the mouth.
- Sublingual glands are located beneath the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth.
- 75 percent of sialadenosis cases are single
- 3 percent of stones are bilateral and most of them are located in parotid glands.
- Submandibular stones are the largest ones and are often located in the wharton ducts.
- Parotid stones are the smaller than submandibular stones, and they are more located within the glands and they are more multiple.
- Stone formation is 80 to 90 percent in the submandibular gland, 6 to 20 percent in the parotid glands, 1 to 2 percent occur in the sublingual or minor salivary glands .[3][4]
- Stones occur equally on the right and left sides.
Genetics
- [Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
- The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Williams MF (1999). "Sialolithiasis". Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. 32 (5): 819–34. PMID 10477789.
- ↑ Mandel L (2014). "Salivary gland disorders". Med. Clin. North Am. 98 (6): 1407–49. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2014.08.008. PMID 25443682.
- ↑ McKenna JP, Bostock DJ, McMenamin PG (1987). "Sialolithiasis". Am Fam Physician. 36 (5): 119–25. PMID 3318353.
- ↑ Williams MF (1999). "Sialolithiasis". Otolaryngol. Clin. North Am. 32 (5): 819–34. PMID 10477789.