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The symptoms of liver cirrhosis are very non-specific:<ref name="pmid9683971">{{cite journal |vauthors=Williams EJ, Iredale JP |title=Liver cirrhosis |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=74 |issue=870 |pages=193–202 |year=1998 |pmid=9683971 |pmc=2360862 |doi= |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid18328931">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schuppan D, Afdhal NH |title=Liver cirrhosis |journal=Lancet |volume=371 |issue=9615 |pages=838–51 |year=2008 |pmid=18328931 |pmc=2271178 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60383-9 |url=}}</ref>
The symptoms of liver cirrhosis are very non-specific:<ref name="pmid9683971">{{cite journal |vauthors=Williams EJ, Iredale JP |title=Liver cirrhosis |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=74 |issue=870 |pages=193–202 |year=1998 |pmid=9683971 |pmc=2360862 |doi= |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid18328931">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schuppan D, Afdhal NH |title=Liver cirrhosis |journal=Lancet |volume=371 |issue=9615 |pages=838–51 |year=2008 |pmid=18328931 |pmc=2271178 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60383-9 |url=}}</ref>


Right upper quadrant abdominal pain
Fever
Anorexia
Fatigue and weakness
Nausea and vomiting
Weight loss
Abdominal pain and bloating
Menstrual irregularities
Symptoms of hypogonadism:
Impotence
Infertility
Testicular atrophy
Loss of libido
Easy bruisability
Decompensated cirrhosis may present with[4]
Jaundice
Increase in abdominal girth due to ascites
Pruritus
Signs of upper gastrointestinal bleeding:
Hematemesis
Hematochezia
Melena
Symptoms due to hepatic encephalopathy:
Altered mental status
Confusion
Sleep disturbances
Muscle cramps due to reduction in effective circulating plasma volume
Lower extremity edema
Symptoms may vary depending on the underlying cause of cirrhosis:
Primary biliary cirrhosis presents with the following symptoms:
Fatigue out of proportion to the severity of the disease
Pruritis
May be intermittent
Increases in the evening
May present in the last trimester of pregnancy and may be mis-diagnosed as cholestasis of pregnancy
Primary sclerosing cholangitis may present with the following in addition to the above symptoms of cirrhosis:
Fatigue
Pruritis
Steatorrhea
Abdominal pain, mainly in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes (jaundice)
Fever
Weight loss


* '''Primary biliary cirrhosis'''
* '''Primary biliary cirrhosis'''

Revision as of 16:24, 1 February 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Farnaz Khalighinejad, MD [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of jaundice that the patient will notice, is yellowing of the skin, nausea, and vomiting. Specific symptoms will depend on the underlying factor that caused jaundice to occur.

History and Symptoms

Jaundice typically appears in a 'top to bottom' progression (starting with the face, progressing toward the feet), and resolves in a 'bottom to top' manner.

The caregiver should ask questions regarding

  • Alcohol/hepatotoxic medication use

Various Symptoms

  • Cirrhosis

The symptoms of liver cirrhosis are very non-specific:[3] [4]


  • Primary biliary cirrhosis
  • Choledocholithiasis
  • Cholangiocarcinoma
  • Primary sclerosing cholangitis
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Chronic pancreatitis

References

  1. Singal AK, Bataller R, Ahn J, Kamath PS, Shah VH (2018). "ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcoholic Liver Disease". Am. J. Gastroenterol. doi:10.1038/ajg.2017.469. PMID 29336434.
  2. Krugman S, Giles JP (1970). "Viral hepatitis. New light on an old disease". JAMA. 212 (6): 1019–29. PMID 4191502.
  3. Williams EJ, Iredale JP (1998). "Liver cirrhosis". Postgrad Med J. 74 (870): 193–202. PMC 2360862. PMID 9683971.
  4. Schuppan D, Afdhal NH (2008). "Liver cirrhosis". Lancet. 371 (9615): 838–51. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60383-9. PMC 2271178. PMID 18328931.

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