Infectious colitis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Infectious colitis occurs following invasion of [[Mucous membrane|colonic mucosa]] or attachment to the [[Mucous membrane|colonic mucosa]] by a [[Microorganism|micro-organism]] causing [[inflammation]]. [[Enteric|Enteric pathogens]] that cause [[colitis]] are usually transmitted through [[fecal-oral route]] especially in children. Infectious colitis may also occur following [[antibiotics]] use, especially [[Broad-spectrum antibiotic|broad spectrum antibiotics]]. Infectious colitis may also be acquired as a [[Sexually transmitted infections|sexually transmitted infection]] (STI) among individuals who practice unsafe anal sex especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Revision as of 14:29, 2 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qasim Salau, M.B.B.S., FMCPaed [2]
Overview
History Perspective
In 1893, J. M. T. Finney described pseudomembranes in the colon of a 22 year old post operative patient. Shigella was first discovered by Dr. Kiyoshi Shiga following a bacillary dysentery outbreak in Japan in 1896. Several outbreaks have occurred since then.
Classification
There is no established classification system for infectious colitis. However, it may be classified based on class of the causative pathogen, route of infection, and duration of symptom. Based on the causative pathogen, infectious colitis may be classified into bacterial, viral, protozoan and fungal.
Pathophysiology
Infectious colitis occurs following invasion of colonic mucosa or attachment to the colonic mucosa by a micro-organism causing inflammation. Enteric pathogens that cause colitis are usually transmitted through fecal-oral route especially in children. Infectious colitis may also occur following antibiotics use, especially broad spectrum antibiotics. Infectious colitis may also be acquired as a sexually transmitted infection (STI) among individuals who practice unsafe anal sex especially among men who have sex with men (MSM).