Cataract classification: Difference between revisions
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(Classification- Cataract Morpho) |
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* '''Capsular ''' | * '''Capsular ''' | ||
# | # Congenital capsular thickening- Associated with posterior or anterior polar cataracts and pyramidal cataract. The posterior form may be associated with a hyaloid remnant. | ||
# | # Acquired capsular opacities - Occur with pseudoexfoliation, Infra-red radiation (Glass blower’s cataract) or Secondary to blunt trauma when a Vossius’ ring may be formed. | ||
* '''Subcapsular ''' | * '''Subcapsular ''' | ||
# | # Posterior subcapsular - Lens changes may be associated with secondary or complicated cataracts, drugs e.g., steroids, or be an age-related cataract (Cupuliform). | ||
# | # Anterior subcapsular''' ''' Anterior subcapsular lens changes may be associated with Wilson’s disease (sunflower cataract) or with drugs e.g., amiodarone | ||
* '''Nuclear ''' | * '''Nuclear ''' | ||
# | # Congenital - Nuclear cataract is that secondary to Rubella | ||
# | # Age-related - Nuclear sclerosis cataract commonly seen in practice is the age-related form. | ||
* '''Cortical ''' | |||
# Congenital - Congenital cortical cataract is very common and they rarely interfere with vision. e.g., blue dot cataract and coronary cataract. | |||
# Age-related - Known as cuneiform cataract that takes the form of “water” clefts and vacuoles. These often appear first in the inferior nasal quadrant of the lens possibly because this is most exposed to UV radiation. | |||
* '''Lamellar ''' | |||
# Congenital - The cataracts are usually congenital and often involve one lamella of the fetal or nuclear zones. Radial, spoke-like opacities (or riders) also often surround the cataract. | |||
* '''Sutural ''' | |||
# These are often known as “Y”-shaped” cataract. | |||
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|Maturity | |Maturity |
Revision as of 17:39, 22 February 2018
Cataract Microchapters |
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Treatment |
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Cataract classification On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cataract classification |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Cataract classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan Bir Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Classification
The classification of cataracts is based on four different criteria.
- Morphology,
- Age of Onset
- Maturity
- Etiology
- Location of opacity
Sub-types | ||
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Morphology |
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Maturity |
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Location of opacity |
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Etiological |
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- Congenital cataract
- Sutural cataract
- Lamellar cataract
- Zonular cataract
- Total cataract
- Secondary cataract
- Drug-induced cataract (e.g. Corticosteroids)
- Traumatic cataract
- Blunt trauma (capsule usually intact)
- Penetrating trauma (capsular rupture & leakage of lens material - calls for an emergency surgery for extraction of lens and leaked material to minimize further damage)
- Nuclear cataract - Grading correlates with hardness & difficulty of surgical removal
- 1 - Grey
- 2 - Yellow
- 3 - Amber
- 4 - Brown/Black (Note: "Black cataract" translated in some languages (like Hindi) refers to Glaucoma, not the color of the lens nucleus)
- After-cataract - posterior capsular opacification subsequent to a successful extracapsular cataract surgery (usually within 3 months - 2 years) with or without IOL implantation. Requires a quick & painless office procedure with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy to restore optical clarity.