Respiratory failure causes: Difference between revisions
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Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease include:<ref name="Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.urlRespiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/respiratory-failure |title=Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease include:<ref name="Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.urlRespiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/respiratory-failure |title=Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
*Type I respiratory failure: | *'''Type I respiratory failure:''' | ||
**[[Pneumonia]] | **[[Pneumonia]] | ||
**[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]] | **[[Cardiogenic pulmonary edema]] | ||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
**[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | **[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | ||
*Type II respiratory failure: | *'''Type II respiratory failure:''' | ||
**Central [[hypoventilation]] | **Central [[hypoventilation]] | ||
**[[Asthma]] | **[[Asthma]] | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
**[[Obesity hypoventilation syndrome]] | **[[Obesity hypoventilation syndrome]] | ||
*Type III respiratory failure: | *'''Type III respiratory failure:''' | ||
**Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]] | **Inadequate post-operative [[analgesia]] | ||
***Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]] | ***Upper [[abdominal]] [[incision]] | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
**Excessive airway secretions | **Excessive airway secretions | ||
*Type IV respiratory failure: | *'''Type IV respiratory failure:''' | ||
**[[Cardiogenic shock]] | **[[Cardiogenic shock]] | ||
**[[Septic shock]] | **[[Septic shock]] | ||
Revision as of 18:43, 19 March 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M. Khurram Afzal, MD [2]
Overview
Common causes of respiratory failure include pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, atelectasis, asthma, COPD, neuromuscular and chest wall disorders, inadequate post-operative analgesia, smoking, obesity and shock.
Causes
Life threatening causes
- Life-threatening causes of respiratory failure include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute on chronic respiratory failure, pulmonary infection, pulmonary embolism, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia and lung cancer.[1]
Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease
Causes of respiratory failure based on classification of disease include:[2]
- Type I respiratory failure:
- Pneumonia
- Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- Caused by increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries
- Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
- Caused by increased permeability in the pulmonary capillaries
- Acute lung injury
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
- Pulmonary embolism
- Atelectasis
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Type II respiratory failure:
- Central hypoventilation
- Asthma
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Hypoxemia and hypercapnia often coexist
- Neuromuscular and chest wall disorders
- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- Type III respiratory failure:
- Type IV respiratory failure:
Drugs that can cause respiratory failure
Common drugs that can cause respiratory failure include:[4][5]
- Azacitidine
- Codeine
- Clozapine
- Fentanyl
- Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
- Heroin
- Ketamine
- Lidocaine
- Labetalol
- Lorazepam
- Morphine
- Nitrazepam
- Opiate
- Oxymorphone
- Procainamide (patient information)
- Sodium thiopental
- Triazolam
- Zopiclone
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3References
- ↑ Zielinski J, MacNee W, Wedzicha J, Ambrosino N, Braghiroli A, Dolensky J, Howard P, Gorzelak K, Lahdensuo A, Strom K, Tobiasz M, Weitzenblum E (February 1997). "Causes of death in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure". Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 52 (1): 43–7. PMID 9151520.
- ↑ "Respiratory Failure | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)".
- ↑ Roy TM, Walker JF, Farrow JR (April 1991). "Respiratory failure associated with myasthenia gravis". J Ky Med Assoc. 89 (4): 169–73. PMID 2040830.
- ↑ Caruso AL, Bouillon TW, Schumacher PM, Luginbuhl M, Morari M (2007). "Drug-induced respiratory depression: an integrated model of drug effects on the hypercapnic and hypoxic drive". Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2007: 4259–63. doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4353277. PMID 18002943.
- ↑ Wilson KC, Saukkonen JJ (2004). "Acute respiratory failure from abused substances". J Intensive Care Med. 19 (4): 183–93. doi:10.1177/0885066604263918. PMID 15296619.