Differentiating vasculitis from other diseases: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Vasculitis}}
{{Vasculitis}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}
gs{{CMG}} {{AE}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
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! colspan="3" rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diseases
! colspan="3" rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diseases
| colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Clinical manifestations'''
| colspan="8" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Clinical manifestations'''
! colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Para-clinical findings
! colspan="7" rowspan="2" |Para-clinical findings
| colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Gold standard'''
| colspan="1" rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |'''Gold standard'''
! rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Additional findings
! rowspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Additional findings
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! colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" | Physical examination
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" | Physical examination
|-
|-
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Lab Findings
! colspan="4" |Lab Findings
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Imaging
! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Imaging
|-
|-
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! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HTN
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HTN
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Focal neurological disorder
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Focal neurological disorder
!Biomarker
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ESR
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ESR
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! rowspan="9" |Large-Vessel Vasculitis
! rowspan="9" |Large-Vessel Vasculitis
! colspan="2" |[[Takayasu arteritis]]
! colspan="2" |[[Takayasu arteritis]]
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Giant cell arteritis]]
! colspan="2" |[[Giant cell arteritis]]
!
!
!
!
!
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! rowspan="3" |Neurological disease
! rowspan="3" |Neurological disease
![[Cerebral aneurysm]]
![[Cerebral aneurysm]]
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
![[Neurofibromatosis type 1]]
![[Neurofibromatosis type 1]]
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
![[Neurofibromatosis type 2]]
![[Neurofibromatosis type 2]]
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" |Systematic disease
! rowspan="4" |Systemic disease
![[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]
![[Fibromuscular dysplasia]]
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
![[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
![[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
![[Polymyalgia rheumatica|Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)]]
![[Polymyalgia rheumatica|Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)]]
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
![[Amyloidosis]]
![[Amyloidosis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
! rowspan="18" |Medium-Vessel Vasculitis
! colspan="2" |[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Hepatitis B virus]]-associated [[polyarteritis nodosa]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Kawasaki disease]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
! rowspan="10" |Infectious disease
!Parvovirus B19 infection
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Scarlet fever
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Medium-Vessel Vasculitis
!Toxic shock syndrome
!
!
![[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Mononucleosis
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Hepatitis B virus]]-associated [[polyarteritis nodosa]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Leptospirosis
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Lyme Disease
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Kawasaki disease]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Measles
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Pediatric Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
!
!
!
!
!Antiphospholipid Syndrome
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
! rowspan="3" |Cardiovascular disease
!Atrial Myxoma
!Atrial Myxoma
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Cholesterol Embolism
!
!
!
!
!
!Cholesterol Embolism
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Segmental arterial mediolysis
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Systemic disease
!Antiphospholipid Syndrome
!
!
!
!
!
!
!Segmental arterial mediolysis
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
!Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Small-Vessel Vasculitis
! rowspan="33" |Small-Vessel Vasculitis
!ANCA-associated vasculitis
! rowspan="4" |ANCA-associated vasculitis
![[Microscopic polyangiitis]]
![[Microscopic polyangiitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
![[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
![[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
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!
!
!
!
!
|-
![[Hydralazine]]-associated [[ANCA-associated vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
!
|-
! rowspan="5" |Immune complex small-vessel vasculitis
![[Goodpasture disease|Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease]]
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
![[Cryoglobulinemia|Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
!
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!
!
|-
! [[Hepatitis C virus]]-associated [[Cryoglobulinemia|cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
![[Henoch-Schönlein purpura|IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)]]
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
![[Hypocomplementemia|Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis)]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)]]
!
!
!
|-
!Gastrointestinal disease
![[Acute mesenteric ischemia]]
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Cardiovascular disease
!Infective Endocarditis
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Hydralazine]]-associated [[ANCA-associated vasculitis]]
|-
!Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
! rowspan="6" |Pulmonary disease
!Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
!
!
!Immune complex small-vessel vasculitis
![[Goodpasture disease|Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease]]
!
!
!
!
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!
!
|-
|-
!Lung Abscess
!
!
!
!
![[Cryoglobulinemia|Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
!
!
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!
!
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|-
!Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Small Cell Lung Cancer
!
!
!
!
! [[Hepatitis C virus]]-associated [[Cryoglobulinemia|cryoglobulinemic vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Asthma
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
!Pulmonary Infarction
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Henoch-Schönlein purpura|IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)]]
!
|-
!Renal disease
!Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
! rowspan="9" |Hematologic disease
!Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Hypocomplementemia|Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis)]]
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
!Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Multiple Myeloma
!
!
!Systemic disease
![[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
![[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
!
!
!
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!
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!
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|-
!Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Serum Sickness
!
!
!
!
!
![[Relapsing polychondritis]]
!
!
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!
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|-
!Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
!
!
!
!
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!
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!
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|-
![[B cell lymphoproliferative disease|B cell lymphoproliferative disorder]]
![[B cell lymphoproliferative disease|B cell lymphoproliferative disorder]]
!
!
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!
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! rowspan="5" |Systemic disease
!Sarcoidosis
!
!
!
!
!
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!
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!
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!Legionella Infection
!
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![[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
!
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![[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
!
!
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![[Relapsing polychondritis]]
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! rowspan="5" |Variable-vessel vasculitis
! colspan="2" |[[Behçet's disease|Behçet’s syndrome]]
!
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Variable-vessel vasculitis
! colspan="2" |[[Cogan syndrome|Cogan's syndrome]]
!
!
![[Behçet's disease|Behçet’s syndrome]]
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
! rowspan="3" |Gastrointestinal disease
!Inflammatory Bowel Disease
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
![[Cogan syndrome|Cogan's syndrome]]
!
!
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!Whipple's disease
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
|-
!Single-organ vasculitis
!Sjögren's syndrome
!
!
!Primary [[central nervous system]] [[vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
! rowspan="6" |Single-organ vasculitis
! colspan="2" |Primary [[central nervous system]] [[vasculitis]]
!
!
!
!
!
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!
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!
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|-
! rowspan="3" |Infectious disease
!Aspergillosis
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
!Histoplasmosis
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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!
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!Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
!
!
!
!
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!
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Systemic disease
!Eclampsia
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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|-
!Fibromuscular Dysplasia
!
!
!
!
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stridor]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Stridor]]
|
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphocytosis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |[[Lymphocytosis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Normal

Revision as of 17:42, 21 March 2018

Vasculitis

Overview

Classification

Large-sized vessel vasculitis
Takayasu's Arteritis
Temporal Arteritis
Medium-sized vessel vasculitis
Kawasaki's Disease
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Small-sized vessel vasculitis
Churg-Strauss Syndrome
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis
Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Microscopic polyangiitis
Wegener's Granulomatosis
Variable-sized vessel vasculitis
Sjogren syndrome
Cogan syndrome
Single organ vasculitis
Primary central nervous system angiitis

Causes

Differential Diagnosis

gsEditor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Differential Diagnosis

Abbreviations: ABG= Arterial blood gas, ANP= Atrial natriuretic peptide, BNP= Brain natriuretic peptide, CBC= Complete blood count, COPD= Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRP= C-reactive protein, CT= Computed tomography, CXR= Chest X-ray, DVT= Deep vein thrombosis, ESR= Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HRCT= High Resolution CT, IgE= Immunoglobulin E, LDH= Lactate dehydrogenase, PCWP= Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

Diseases Clinical manifestations Para-clinical findings Gold standard Additional findings
Symptoms Physical examination
Lab Findings Imaging
Headache Fever Weight loss Arthralgia Claudication Bruit HTN Focal neurological disorder Biomarker CBC ESR Other X-ray CT scan Angiography
Large-Vessel Vasculitis Takayasu arteritis
Giant cell arteritis
Neurological disease Cerebral aneurysm
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Neurofibromatosis type 2
Systemic disease Fibromuscular dysplasia
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)
Amyloidosis
Medium-Vessel Vasculitis Polyarteritis nodosa
Hepatitis B virus-associated polyarteritis nodosa
Kawasaki disease
Infectious disease Parvovirus B19 infection
Scarlet fever
Toxic shock syndrome
Mononucleosis
Leptospirosis
Lyme Disease
Measles
Pediatric Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Cardiovascular disease Atrial Myxoma
Cholesterol Embolism
Segmental arterial mediolysis
Systemic disease Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Small-Vessel Vasculitis ANCA-associated vasculitis Microscopic polyangiitis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)
Hydralazine-associated ANCA-associated vasculitis
Immune complex small-vessel vasculitis Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
 Hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)
Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis)
Gastrointestinal disease Acute mesenteric ischemia
Cardiovascular disease Infective Endocarditis
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
Pulmonary disease Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Lung Abscess
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Small Cell Lung Cancer
Asthma
Pulmonary Infarction
Renal disease Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Hematologic disease Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Multiple Myeloma
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Serum Sickness
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
B cell lymphoproliferative disorder
Systemic disease Sarcoidosis
Legionella Infection
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid arthritis
Relapsing polychondritis
Variable-vessel vasculitis Behçet’s syndrome
Cogan's syndrome
Gastrointestinal disease Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Whipple's disease
Sjögren's syndrome
Single-organ vasculitis Primary central nervous system vasculitis
Infectious disease Aspergillosis
Histoplasmosis
Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Systemic disease Eclampsia
Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Pulmonary diseases Airway disorder Severe croup[1] + +/- - - - Stridor Lymphocytosis Normal - Steeple sign Normal Distended hypopharynx during inspiration Clinical findings Intercostal and subcostal retraction, Barking cough

References

  1. ↑ Cherry, James D. (2008). "Croup". New England Journal of Medicine. 358 (4): 384–391. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp072022. ISSN 0028-4793.

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