Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
Line 32: Line 32:
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Anesthesiology]]
[[Category:Anesthesiology]]

Latest revision as of 23:57, 29 July 2020

Respiratory failure Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Respiratory Failure from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

Electrocardiogram

CT

MRI

Echocardiography and ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical therapy

Oxygen therapy

Mechanical ventilation

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice

CDC on Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice

Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice in the news

Blogs on Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice

Directions to Hospitals Treating Type page name here

Risk calculators and risk factors for Respiratory failure diagnostic study of choice

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]

Overview

Respiratory failure is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of respiratory failure, but respiratory failure can be diagnosed based on history, examination and arterial blood gases.

Diagnostic Study of Choice

  • Respiratory failure is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation.[1][2]
  • There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of respiratory failure, but respiratory failure can be diagnosed based on history, examination and arterial blood gases.

Sequence of Diagnostic Studies

The arterial blood gases should be performed when:

  • The patient has been assessed for airway, breathing and circulation.
  • A venous line has been established and oxygen is administered in cases of desaturation.

Diagnostic Criteria

Hypoxic respiratory failure

  • Patients with a pre-existing chronic lung disease with an initial pulse oximetry (PaO2) on room air less than 80% or a decreasing pulse oximetry starting at 92%.
  • A pulse oximetry less than 60mmHg is categorized as severe respiratory failure.
  • Patients usually have a preexisting lung condition where pulse oximetry readings are already low, with baselines being as low as 50mmHg.
  • A fall of pulse oximetry that is more than 10% indicates entrance into respiratory failure.

Hypercapnic respiratory failure

  • Patients with a pre-existing chronic lung disease with an initial pulse oximetry on room air less than 80% or a decreasing pulse oximetry starting at 92% AND an acute increase in the PaCO2 more than 45mmHg.
  • An elevation in PaCO2 is usually accompanied by an acidosis, demonstrated by a pH below 7.35.
  • Patients usually have a preexisting lung condition and can tolerate an increase in PaCO2 up to 80mmHg with renal compensation.
  • A fall in pH indicates entrance into respiratory failure.

References

  1. Vo P, Kharasch VS (November 2014). "Respiratory failure". Pediatr Rev. 35 (11): 476–84, quiz 485–6. doi:10.1542/pir.35-11-476. PMID 25361907.
  2. Mas A, Masip J (2014). "Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure". Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 9: 837–52. doi:10.2147/COPD.S42664. PMC 4136955. PMID 25143721.

Template:WH Template:WS