Parkinson's disease physical examination: Difference between revisions
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In the appearance of [[Parkinson's disease|PD]] patients we can notice that the [[blinking]] rate of spontaneous blinking is lower than normal but voluntary blinking is similar to general population.<ref name="pmid18175339">{{cite journal |vauthors=Agostino R, Bologna M, Dinapoli L, Gregori B, Fabbrini G, Accornero N, Berardelli A |title=Voluntary, spontaneous, and reflex blinking in Parkinson's disease |journal=Mov. Disord. |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=669–75 |date=April 2008 |pmid=18175339 |doi=10.1002/mds.21887 |url=}}</ref> The other finding in [[Parkinson's disease|PD]] patient is that their spontaneous [[Facial expression|facial expressions]] are less frequent and less varied in comparison to normal people ([[hypomimia]]).<ref name="pmid24524211">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dumer AI, Oster H, McCabe D, Rabin LA, Spielman JL, Ramig LO, Borod JC |title=Effects of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD) on hypomimia in Parkinson's disease |journal=J Int Neuropsychol Soc |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=302–12 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24524211 |doi=10.1017/S1355617714000046 |url=}}</ref> | In the appearance of [[Parkinson's disease|PD]] patients we can notice that the [[blinking]] rate of spontaneous blinking is lower than normal but voluntary blinking is similar to general population.<ref name="pmid18175339">{{cite journal |vauthors=Agostino R, Bologna M, Dinapoli L, Gregori B, Fabbrini G, Accornero N, Berardelli A |title=Voluntary, spontaneous, and reflex blinking in Parkinson's disease |journal=Mov. Disord. |volume=23 |issue=5 |pages=669–75 |date=April 2008 |pmid=18175339 |doi=10.1002/mds.21887 |url=}}</ref> The other finding in [[Parkinson's disease|PD]] patient is that their spontaneous [[Facial expression|facial expressions]] are less frequent and less varied in comparison to normal people ([[hypomimia]]).<ref name="pmid24524211">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dumer AI, Oster H, McCabe D, Rabin LA, Spielman JL, Ramig LO, Borod JC |title=Effects of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD) on hypomimia in Parkinson's disease |journal=J Int Neuropsychol Soc |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=302–12 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24524211 |doi=10.1017/S1355617714000046 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Neurologic=== | ===Neurologic=== | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Physical Examination
Appearance
In the appearance of PD patients we can notice that the blinking rate of spontaneous blinking is lower than normal but voluntary blinking is similar to general population.[1] The other finding in PD patient is that their spontaneous facial expressions are less frequent and less varied in comparison to normal people (hypomimia).[2]
Neurologic
References
- ↑ Agostino R, Bologna M, Dinapoli L, Gregori B, Fabbrini G, Accornero N, Berardelli A (April 2008). "Voluntary, spontaneous, and reflex blinking in Parkinson's disease". Mov. Disord. 23 (5): 669–75. doi:10.1002/mds.21887. PMID 18175339.
- ↑ Dumer AI, Oster H, McCabe D, Rabin LA, Spielman JL, Ramig LO, Borod JC (March 2014). "Effects of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD) on hypomimia in Parkinson's disease". J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 20 (3): 302–12. doi:10.1017/S1355617714000046. PMID 24524211.