Renal tubular acidosis causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 17:39, 14 May 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

The following table summarizes the common primary and secondary causes of renal tubular acidosis.^[1]^[2]

	Primary Causes	Secondary Causes
Type 1	Idiopathic Familial Autosomal dominant Mainly due to mutations causing defects in the kidney anion exchanger [kAE1] in distal tubule intercalated cells. Autosomal recessive Mainly due to mutations causing defects in V-ATPase in distal tubule intercalated cells.	Autoimmune disorders Medications Ifosfamide Amphotericin B Lithium carbonate Ibuprofen Hypercalciuric conditions Hyperparathyroidism Vitamin D intoxication Sarcoidosis Idiopathic hypercalciuria Others
Type 2	Recessive Proximal tubule cell sodium bicarbonate co-transporter (NBCe1) defect Carbonic anhydrase type 2 deficiency Cystinosis Tyrosinemia Hereditary fructose intolerance Galactosemia Glycogen storage disease (type I) Lowe syndrome	M-protein disorders Amyloidosis Multiple myeloma Medications Ifosfamide Tenofovir Acetazolamide Topiramate Aminoglycosides Heavy metals Lead Cadmium Mercury Copper Other Medullary sponge kidney Obstructive uropathy Renal transplant rejection Wilson disease
Type 4	Congenital hypoaldosteronism 21-hydroxylase deficiency Isolated hypoaldosteronism Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 Primary adrenal insufficiency Pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1	Angiotensin inhibitors, such as ACE inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor blockers Direct renin inhibitors Antibiotics, trimethoprim, and pentamidine Potassium-sparing diuretics Spironolactone Eplerenone Amiloride Triamterene

↑ Haque SK, Ariceta G, Batlle D (December 2012). "Proximal renal tubular acidosis: a not so rare disorder of multiple etiologies". Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 27 (12): 4273–87. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfs493. PMC 3616759. PMID 23235953.
↑ Batlle D, Haque SK (October 2012). "Genetic causes and mechanisms of distal renal tubular acidosis". Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 27 (10): 3691–704. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfs442. PMID 23114896.

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 ==Causes==
-The following table summarizes the common primary and secondary causes of renal tubular acidosis.<ref name="pmid23235953">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haque SK, Ariceta G, Batlle D |title=Proximal renal tubular acidosis: a not so rare disorder of multiple etiologies |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=27 |issue=12 |pages=4273–87 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23235953 |pmc=3616759 |doi=10.1093/ndt/gfs493 |url=}}</ref>
+The following table summarizes the common primary and secondary causes of renal tubular acidosis.<ref name="pmid23235953">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haque SK, Ariceta G, Batlle D |title=Proximal renal tubular acidosis: a not so rare disorder of multiple etiologies |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=27 |issue=12 |pages=4273–87 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23235953 |pmc=3616759 |doi=10.1093/ndt/gfs493 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23114896">{{cite journal |vauthors=Batlle D, Haque SK |title=Genetic causes and mechanisms of distal renal tubular acidosis |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=27 |issue=10 |pages=3691–704 |date=October 2012 |pmid=23114896 |doi=10.1093/ndt/gfs442 |url=}}</ref>
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