Carpal tunnel syndrome pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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=== Increased carpal tunnel pressure === | === Increased carpal tunnel pressure === | ||
The carpal tunnel is a anatomic space surrounded by the carpal bones on the medial, dorsal, and lateral sides and the the flexor retinaculum located on the palmar side and nine flexor tendons and the median nerve are concealed by the subsynovial connective tissue (SSCT). It is clear that the CTS is a chronic peripheral nerve compression neuropathy, but its pathophysiology are less clear. Various studies have confirmed that the increased canal pressure can be found in patients with CTS; this elevation is correlated with clinical signs in patients. Fro example tenosynovitis or synovial fibrosis, are known as the potential cause of | Normal pressure of carpal tunnel is ranged from 2 to 10 mm Hg. The carpal tunnel is a anatomic space surrounded by the carpal bones on the medial, dorsal, and lateral sides and the the flexor retinaculum located on the palmar side and nine flexor tendons and the median nerve are concealed by the subsynovial connective tissue (SSCT). It is clear that the CTS is a chronic peripheral nerve compression neuropathy, but its pathophysiology are less clear. Various studies have confirmed that the increased canal pressure can be found in patients with CTS; this elevation is correlated with clinical signs in patients. Fro example tenosynovitis or synovial fibrosis, are known as the potential cause of elevation in carpal tunnel pressure. Another proposed mechanism is canal stenosis. Pathological changes of ligaments surrounding nerves such as changes in the connective tissue density and/or its flexibility are believed to be the main cause of this pressure elevation. Experimental studies raveled that there is a relationship between the duration, and amount of carpal tunnel with the median nerve dysfunction. Meanwhile, the higher carpal tunnel pressure leads to the ischemic compression of the median nerve. | ||
=== Synovial tissue hypertrophy === | === Synovial tissue hypertrophy === | ||
Revision as of 16:37, 18 May 2018
Overview
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is known as a common pathology in hand. Most common diagnosis of CTS is idiopathic but it is accepted that the median nerve neuropathy could be caused due to the chronic increased pressure within the carpal tunnel. But the exact pathophysiology of this pressure increase is not well known yet. CTS usually occurs due to the mechanical compression and/or local ischemia. CTS is diagnosed based on symptoms such as numbness, tingling and/or burning in the distribution of the median nerve in the hand. However, the symptoms are frequently documented outside the distribution of the median nerve as well.
Pathophysiology
Increased carpal tunnel pressure
Normal pressure of carpal tunnel is ranged from 2 to 10 mm Hg. The carpal tunnel is a anatomic space surrounded by the carpal bones on the medial, dorsal, and lateral sides and the the flexor retinaculum located on the palmar side and nine flexor tendons and the median nerve are concealed by the subsynovial connective tissue (SSCT). It is clear that the CTS is a chronic peripheral nerve compression neuropathy, but its pathophysiology are less clear. Various studies have confirmed that the increased canal pressure can be found in patients with CTS; this elevation is correlated with clinical signs in patients. Fro example tenosynovitis or synovial fibrosis, are known as the potential cause of elevation in carpal tunnel pressure. Another proposed mechanism is canal stenosis. Pathological changes of ligaments surrounding nerves such as changes in the connective tissue density and/or its flexibility are believed to be the main cause of this pressure elevation. Experimental studies raveled that there is a relationship between the duration, and amount of carpal tunnel with the median nerve dysfunction. Meanwhile, the higher carpal tunnel pressure leads to the ischemic compression of the median nerve.