Hemolytic-uremic syndrome causes: Difference between revisions

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  | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30062-4
  | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30062-4
  | pmid = 28242109
  | pmid = 28242109
}}</ref><ref name="Lopes da Silva2011">{{cite journal|last1=Lopes da Silva|first1=Rodrigo|title=Viral-associated thrombotic microangiopathies|journal=Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy|volume=4|issue=2|year=2011|pages=51–59|issn=16583876|doi=10.5144/1658-3876.2011.51}}</ref>
}}</ref><ref name="Lopes da Silva2011">{{cite journal|last1=Lopes da Silva|first1=Rodrigo|title=Viral-associated thrombotic microangiopathies|journal=Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy|volume=4|issue=2|year=2011|pages=51–59|issn=16583876|doi=10.5144/1658-3876.2011.51}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[P. J. Medina]], [[J. M. Sipols]] & [[J. N. George]]
| title = Drug-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome
| journal = [[Current opinion in hematology]]
| volume = 8
| issue = 5
| pages = 286–293
| year = 2001
| month = September
| pmid = 11604563
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Fadi Fakhouri]], [[Lubka Roumenina]], [[Francois Provot]], [[Marion Sallee]], [[Sophie Caillard]], [[Lionel Couzi]], [[Marie Essig]], [[David Ribes]], [[Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey]], [[Frank Bridoux]], [[Eric Rondeau]] & [[Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi]]
| title = Pregnancy-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome revisited in the era of complement gene mutations
| journal = [[Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN]]
| volume = 21
| issue = 5
| pages = 859–867
| year = 2010
| month = May
| doi = 10.1681/ASN.2009070706
| pmid = 20203157
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Christine Skerka]], [[Mihaly Jozsi]], [[Peter F. Zipfel]], [[Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey]] & [[Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi]]
| title = Autoantibodies in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)
| journal = [[Thrombosis and haemostasis]]
| volume = 101
| issue = 2
| pages = 227–232
| year = 2009
| month = February
| pmid = 19190803
}}</ref>


*E. coli (70%)
*E. coli (70%)
*[Cause2]
*genetic mutations of complement genes
*[Cause3]
*[Cause3]


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*HUS is caused by an infection with National Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia(STEC), Streptococcus pneumoniae, viral infection,  
*HUS is caused by an infection with National Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia(STEC), Streptococcus pneumoniae, viral infection, drug toxicity,  


-Human immunodeficiency viral infection.
-Human immunodeficiency viral infection.

Revision as of 15:58, 7 August 2018

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

HUS can occur in the course of systemic diseases or physiopathological conditions such as pregnancy, after transplantation or after drug assumption. The major cause of HUS in childhood is infection with verocytotoxin (shiga-like toxin)-producing bacteria, usually enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (VTEC/STEC),and in some tropical regions Shigella dysenteriae type I. Verocytotoxin-producing Citrobacter freundii, has also been reported.8 In America and the UK most cases are associated with E. coli serotype O157:H7,9–12 while other serotypes such as O26, O111, O103, and O145 are increasingly reported in Europe and elsewhere.13–15 The epidemiology has been extensively studied. Patients are usually pre-school children.16–18 VTEC strains produce various toxins, the major ones being verocytotoxin-1 (Stx1) and verocytotoxin-2 (Stx2). Verocytotoxin-1 differs by one amino acid from Shiga toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae type 1. Verocytotoxin-2 has multiple variants that are closely related to each other, but have 55–60% homology to verocytotoxin1. HUS is mostly caused by verocytotoxin-2-producing strains*

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

  • Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of disease name, however complications resulting from untreated disease name is common.
  • Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
  • [Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].

Common Causes

Common causes of [disease name] may include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

  • E. coli (70%)
  • genetic mutations of complement genes
  • [Cause3]


OR


  • HUS is caused by an infection with National Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia(STEC), Streptococcus pneumoniae, viral infection, drug toxicity,

-Human immunodeficiency viral infection.

  • [Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of [disease name] include:

  • [Cause1]
  • [Cause2]
  • [Cause3]

Genetic Causes

  • [Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes


Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order:

  • Cause 1
  • Cause 2
  • Cause 3
  • Cause 4
  • Cause 5
  • Cause 6
  • Cause 7
  • Cause 8
  • Cause 9
  • Cause 10

References

  1. ↑ Shannon E. Majowicz, Elaine Scallan, Andria Jones-Bitton, Jan M. Sargeant, Jackie Stapleton, Frederick J. Angulo, Derrick H. Yeung & Martyn D. Kirk (2014). "Global incidence of human Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections and deaths: a systematic review and knowledge synthesis". Foodborne pathogens and disease. 11 (6): 447–455. doi:10.1089/fpd.2013.1704. PMID 24750096. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Chantal Loirat, Fadi Fakhouri, Gema Ariceta, Nesrin Besbas, Martin Bitzan, Anna Bjerre, Rosanna Coppo, Francesco Emma, Sally Johnson, Diana Karpman, Daniel Landau, Craig B. Langman, Anne-Laure Lapeyraque, Christoph Licht, Carla Nester, Carmine Pecoraro, Magdalena Riedl, Nicole C. A. J. van de Kar, Johan Van de Walle, Marina Vivarelli & Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi (2016). "An international consensus approach to the management of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in children". Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany). 31 (1): 15–39. doi:10.1007/s00467-015-3076-8. PMID 25859752. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Fadi Fakhouri, Julien Zuber, Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi & Chantal Loirat (2017). "Haemolytic uraemic syndrome". Lancet (London, England). 390 (10095): 681–696. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30062-4. PMID 28242109. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Lopes da Silva, Rodrigo (2011). "Viral-associated thrombotic microangiopathies". Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy. 4 (2): 51–59. doi:10.5144/1658-3876.2011.51. ISSN 1658-3876.
  5. ↑ P. J. Medina, J. M. Sipols & J. N. George (2001). "Drug-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome". Current opinion in hematology. 8 (5): 286–293. PMID 11604563. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ↑ Fadi Fakhouri, Lubka Roumenina, Francois Provot, Marion Sallee, Sophie Caillard, Lionel Couzi, Marie Essig, David Ribes, Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey, Frank Bridoux, Eric Rondeau & Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi (2010). "Pregnancy-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome revisited in the era of complement gene mutations". Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 21 (5): 859–867. doi:10.1681/ASN.2009070706. PMID 20203157. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Christine Skerka, Mihaly Jozsi, Peter F. Zipfel, Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey & Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi (2009). "Autoantibodies in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS)". Thrombosis and haemostasis. 101 (2): 227–232. PMID 19190803. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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