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Revision as of 17:49, 7 August 2018

Thrombocytopenia Differential Diagnosis

Differentiating the diseases that can cause thrombocytopenia:

Category	Condition			Clinical manifestations									Para−clinical findings								Gold standard for diagnosis
				Symptoms							Signs		Para−clinical findings
				Symptoms							Signs		Lab Findings							Imaging
				Severity	Bleeding	N/V	Dysuria	Frequency	Urgency	Gross hematuria	BP	Other	CBC	PBS	Urinalysis
			Mechanism	Severity	Bleeding	N/V	Dysuria	Frequency	Urgency	Gross hematuria	BP	Other	CBC	PBS	Cell	Cast	Bacteriuria	Culture	Other
Infectious diseases	Gestational thrombocytopenia
	Chronic liver disease
	portal hypertension
	Hypersplenism
	Immune thrombocytopenia		Antibody-mediated platelet destruction	Moderate to severe	-																Diagnosis of exclusion
	Congenital platelet disorders	MYH-9 related disorders
		Bernard-Soulier syndrome
		Gray platelet syndrome
		Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
		Thrombocytopenia with absent radius (TAR) syndrome
		Alport syndrome
		Von Willebrand disease




Category
Non−infectious diseases


















Category

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 |- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
 ! rowspan="5" |Category
-! colspan="3" rowspan="5" |Disease
+! colspan="2" rowspan="5" |Condition
+!
 ! colspan="9" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Clinical manifestations
 ! colspan="8" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Para−clinical findings
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 ! rowspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
 |-
+!
 ! colspan="7" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Symptoms
 ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Signs
 |-
+!
 ! colspan="7" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Lab Findings
 ! rowspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
 |-
-! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
+!
-! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
+! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Severity
+! colspan="1" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bleeding
 ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
-! colspan="4" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urinary symptoms
+! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
+! rowspan="2" |Frequency
+! rowspan="2" |Urgency
+! rowspan="2" |Gross hematuria
 ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
 ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other
 ! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
-! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
+! rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |PBS
 ! colspan="5" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urinalysis
 |-
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
+!Mechanism
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
 ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
 ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
@@ Line 37: / Line 41: @@
 |-
 ! rowspan="16" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Infectious diseases
-! rowspan="14" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary tract infection|UTI]]<ref name="pmid18061020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Neal DE |title=Complicated urinary tract infections |journal=Urol. Clin. North Am. |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=13–22; v |date=February 2008 |pmid=18061020 |doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2007.09.010 |url=}}</ref>
+! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |'''Gestational thrombocytopenia'''
-! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Bacteria|Bacterial]]
+!
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Asymptomatic bacteriuria]]<ref name="Nicolle2014">{{cite journal|last1=Nicolle|first1=Lindsay E.|title=Asymptomatic bacteriuria|journal=Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases|volume=27|issue=1|year=2014|pages=90–96|issn=0951-7375|doi=10.1097/QCO.0000000000000019}}</ref><ref name="Nicolle2015">{{cite journal|last1=Nicolle|first1=Lindsay E.|title=Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Bacterial Interference|journal=Microbiology Spectrum|volume=3|issue=5|year=2015|issn=2165-0497|doi=10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0001-2012}}</ref>
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Urine|Urinalysis]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Increased risk in [[pregnancy]]
-*Must be treated prior to an invasive urologic procedure
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cystitis]]<ref name="pmid28613784">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sabih A, Leslie SW |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=28613784 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+!'''Chronic liver disease'''
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Nitrite]] +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocyte esterase]] +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Urine|Urinalysis]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Pyelonephritis]]<ref name="pmid28087935">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pietrucha-Dilanchian P, Hooton TM |title=Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection |journal=Microbiol Spectr |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages= |date=December 2016 |pmid=28087935 |doi=10.1128/microbiolspec.UTI-0021-2015 |url=}}</ref>
+!portal hypertension
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocytosis]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |WBC cast
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Nitrite]] +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocyte esterase]] +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Virus|Viral]]<ref name="pmid23816478">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aboumohamed A, Flechner SM, Chiesa-Vottero A, Srinivas TR, Mossad SB |title=Disseminated adenoviral infection masquerading as lower urinary tract voiding dysfunction in a kidney transplant recipient |journal=Clin. Nephrol. |volume=82 |issue=5 |pages=332–6 |date=November 2014 |pmid=23816478 |doi=10.5414/CN107977 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25667584">{{cite journal |vauthors=Santiago-Rodriguez TM, Ly M, Bonilla N, Pride DT |title=The human urine virome in association with urinary tract infections |journal=Front Microbiol |volume=6 |issue= |pages=14 |date=2015 |pmid=25667584 |pmc=4304238 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2015.00014 |url=}}</ref>
+!'''Hypersplenism'''
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |PCR viral load
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* Increased risk in immunosuppressed [[Kidney transplantation|kidney transplant]] patients
-*[[Cytomegalovirus infection|CMV]], [[Epstein Barr virus|EBV]], [[BK virus]], [[Adenoviridae|adenovirus]] might be seen
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Tuberculosis]]<ref name="pmid26123266">{{cite journal |vauthors=Altiparmak MR, Trabulus S, Balkan II, Yalin SF, Denizli N, Aslan G, Doruk HE, Engin A, Tekin R, Birengel S, Cetin BD, Arslan F, Turhan V, Mert A |title=Urinary tuberculosis: a cohort of 79 adult cases |journal=Ren Fail |volume=37 |issue=7 |pages=1157–63 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26123266 |doi=10.3109/0886022X.2015.1057460 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid27865246">{{cite journal |vauthors=Verma AK, Mishra AK, Kumar M, Kant S, Singh A, Singh A |title=Renal tuberculosis presenting as acute pyelonephritis - A rarity |journal=Indian J Tuberc |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=210–213 |date=July 2016 |pmid=27865246 |doi=10.1016/j.ijtb.2015.07.010 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23303798">{{cite journal |vauthors=Daher Ede F, da Silva GB, Barros EJ |title=Renal tuberculosis in the modern era |journal=Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=54–64 |date=January 2013 |pmid=23303798 |pmc=3541747 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.2013.12-0413 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28784884">{{cite journal |vauthors=Czapka M, Shukla S, Slosar-Cheah M |title=Urine trouble: genitourinary tuberculosis and subsequent DRESS syndrome |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2017 |issue= |pages= |date=August 2017 |pmid=28784884 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2017-220440 |url=}}</ref>
+!'''Immune thrombocytopenia'''
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+|Antibody-mediated platelet destruction
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Moderate to severe
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | -
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Positive mycobacterial urine culture
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Microscopic hematuria]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Tuberculosis|Pulmonary TB]] on chest CT
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Diagnosis of exclusion
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Urine mycobacterial [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Past history of [[Tuberculosis|pulmonary TB]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Fungal]]<ref name="pmid22025959">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim J, Kim DS, Lee YS, Choi NG |title=Fungal urinary tract infection in burn patients with long-term foley catheterization |journal=Korean J Urol |volume=52 |issue=9 |pages=626–31 |date=September 2011 |pmid=22025959 |pmc=3198237 |doi=10.4111/kju.2011.52.9.626 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11980593">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carvalho M, Guimarães CM, Mayer JR, Bordignon GP, Queiroz-Telles F |title=Hospital-associated funguria: analysis of risk factors, clinical presentation and outcome |journal=Braz J Infect Dis |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=313–8 |date=December 2001 |pmid=11980593 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+! rowspan="7" |'''Congenital platelet''' '''disorders'''
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!MYH-9 related disorders
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | + after several weeks of follow up
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Hydronephrosis]] on ultrasound
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Urine culture]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Increased risk in patients with long−term foley [[Catheter|catheters]]
-*[[Candidiasis|Candida]] as the most prevalent fungus
 |-
-! rowspan="7" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Sexually transmitted disease|STD]]
+!Bernard-Soulier syndrome
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Chlamydia]]<ref name="MatthewsBonigal1990">{{cite journal|last1=Matthews|first1=R.S.|last2=Bonigal|first2=S.D.|last3=Wise|first3=R.|title=Sterile pyuria and Chlamydia trachomatis|journal=The Lancet|volume=336|issue=8711|year=1990|pages=385|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/0140-6736(90)91936-5}}</ref><ref name="pmid8733337">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tayal SC, Pattman RS |title=Sterile pyuria: consider chlamydial infection |journal=Br J Clin Pract |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=166–7 |date=1996 |pmid=8733337 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Chronic [[Causes of pelvic pain|pelvic pain]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Adnexa|Adnexal]] motion [[tenderness]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Females might have concurrent chlamydial [[cervicitis]]
-*Must be considered in young, sexually active males
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Gonococcus]]<ref name="pmid6799059">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clarke M, Maskell R |title=Gonorrhoea presenting as "sterile" pyuria |journal=Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) |volume=283 |issue=6305 |pages=1546 |date=December 1981 |pmid=6799059 |pmc=1507898 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9389943">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jephcott AE |title=Microbiological diagnosis of gonorrhoea |journal=Genitourin Med |volume=73 |issue=4 |pages=245–52 |date=August 1997 |pmid=9389943 |pmc=1195851 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26063863">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tomas ME, Getman D, Donskey CJ, Hecker MT |title=Overdiagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection and Underdiagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infection in Adult Women Presenting to an Emergency Department |journal=J. Clin. Microbiol. |volume=53 |issue=8 |pages=2686–92 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26063863 |pmc=4508438 |doi=10.1128/JCM.00670-15 |url=}}</ref>
+!Gray platelet syndrome
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Chronic [[Causes of pelvic pain|pelvic pain]]
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Adnexa|Adnexal]] motion [[tenderness]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-High false negative result
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Intracellular gram−negative [[Diplococcus|diplococci]] on [[Gram staining|gram stain]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Nucleic acid amplification technique|Nucleic acid amplification]] testing (NAAT)
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Females might have concurrent cervical [[Gonorrhea|gonococcal infection]]
-*Must be considered in young, sexually active males
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Ureaplasma urealyticum]]<ref name="pmid18614434">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nassar FA, Abu-Elamreen FH, Shubair ME, Sharif FA |title=Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis, genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum by polymerase chain reaction in patients with sterile pyuria |journal=Adv Med Sci |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=80–6 |date=2008 |pmid=18614434 |doi=10.2478/v10039-008-0020-1 |url=}}</ref>
+!Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Gram stain −
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with complications of pregnancy
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Herpes simplex virus]]<ref name="pmid16926356">{{cite journal |vauthors=Xu F, Sternberg MR, Kottiri BJ, McQuillan GM, Lee FK, Nahmias AJ, Berman SM, Markowitz LE |title=Trends in herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence in the United States |journal=JAMA |volume=296 |issue=8 |pages=964–73 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16926356 |doi=10.1001/jama.296.8.964 |url=}}</ref>
+!Thrombocytopenia with absent radius (TAR) syndrome
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Painful [[Genital ulcer|genital ulcers]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Tender local inguinal [[lymphadenopathy]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Acute [[urinary retention]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Loss of sacral sensation
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Viral culture +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with extragenital complications, like [[Meningitis|aseptic meningitis]]
-*High risk of recurrence
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Herpes zoster]]<ref name="ChenHsueh2002">{{cite journal|last1=Chen|first1=Po-Hong|last2=Hsueh|first2=Hsiu-Fang|last3=Hong|first3=Chang-Zern|title=Herpes zoster–associated voiding dysfunction: A retrospective study and literature review|journal=Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation|volume=83|issue=11|year=2002|pages=1624–1628|issn=00039993|doi=10.1053/apmr.2002.34602}}</ref>
+!Alport syndrome
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Rash]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Acute [[neuritis]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* [[Microscopic hematuria]]
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with lumbosacral [[dermatome]] involvement
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Human papillomavirus|HPV]]<ref name="pmid16819332">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guo CC, Fine SW, Epstein JI |title=Noninvasive squamous lesions in the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic analysis of 29 cases |journal=Am. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=883–91 |date=July 2006 |pmid=16819332 |doi=10.1097/01.pas.0000213283.20166.5a |url=}}</ref>
+!Von Willebrand disease
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Genital warts|Genital wart]]
-*[[Cancer|Cancerous]] lesions of the [[Sex organ|genitalia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with [[Bladder cancer|bladder carcinoma]]
-*Prevented by [[HPV Vaccine|HPV vaccination]]
 |-
-! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]]<ref name="pmid20338962">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parkhie SM, Fine DM, Lucas GM, Atta MG |title=Characteristics of patients with HIV and biopsy-proven acute interstitial nephritis |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=798–804 |date=May 2010 |pmid=20338962 |pmc=2863972 |doi=10.2215/CJN.08211109 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Painful mucocutaneous ulceration
-*[[Lymphadenopathy]]
-*[[Meningitis|Aseptic meningitis]]
-*[[Diarrhea]]
-*[[Weight loss]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukopenia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Combination antigen/antibody immunoassay + PCR [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]] viral load test
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Might be gone to chronic [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]] infection with or without evidence of the [[Immunodeficiency|acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]] ([[HIV AIDS|AIDS]])
-*Associated with acute [[interstitial nephritis]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Prostatitis]]<ref name="pmid23519458">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wagenlehner FM, Pilatz A, Bschleipfer T, Diemer T, Linn T, Meinhardt A, Schagdarsurengin U, Dansranjavin T, Schuppe HC, Weidner W |title=Bacterial prostatitis |journal=World J Urol |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=711–6 |date=August 2013 |pmid=23519458 |doi=10.1007/s00345-013-1055-x |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | Pelvic or perineal pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Dribbling of urine
-*Firm and tender [[prostate]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocytosis]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Cloudy urine
-*Positive [[Gram staining|gram stain]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Increased risk of [[bacteremia]], prostatic abscess, and metastatic infection
-*Might be acute or chronic infection
 |-
-! colspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Balanitis]]<ref name="pmid25596845">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hsu CY, Lin CL, Kao CH |title=Balanitis is a risk factor for herpes zoster |journal=Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=985–90 |date=May 2015 |pmid=25596845 |doi=10.1007/s10096-015-2314-0 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Penile pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Pruritus]]
-*Erythematous lesions on the glans and/or the foreskin
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with [[reactive arthritis]]
 |-
-! colspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Appendicitis]]<ref name="pmid11343547">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee SL, Walsh AJ, Ho HS |title=Computed tomography and ultrasonography do not improve and may delay the diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis |journal=Arch Surg |volume=136 |issue=5 |pages=556–62 |date=May 2001 |pmid=11343547 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25345259">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mahattanobon S, Samphao S, Pruekprasert P |title=Clinical features of complicated acute appendicitis |journal=J Med Assoc Thai |volume=97 |issue=8 |pages=835–40 |date=August 2014 |pmid=25345259 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Right lower abdominal pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Right lower [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocytosis]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Urine [[specific gravity]] >1.020
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Enlarged appendiceal diameter on CT scan or ultrasound
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
 |-
 ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
-! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Disease
+! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
+!
-! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
+! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other PE
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other UA findings
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
 |-
 ! rowspan="19" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Non−infectious diseases
-! rowspan="7" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary tract|Urinary tract disorders]]
+! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary catheter|Urinary catheterization]]<ref name="ForsterHaslam2017">{{cite journal|last1=Forster|first1=C.S.|last2=Haslam|first2=D.B.|last3=Jackson|first3=E.|last4=Goldstein|first4=S.L.|title=Utility of a routine urinalysis in children who require clean intermittent catheterization|journal=Journal of Pediatric Urology|volume=13|issue=5|year=2017|pages=488.e1–488.e5|issn=14775131|doi=10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.016}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocytosis]] ±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* [[Leukocyte esterase]] ±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
 | align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Predicting [[Urinary tract infection|UTI]] in children who required clean intermittent [[Catheter|catheterization]] by routine [[Urine|urinalysis]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary stone|Urinary tract stone]]<ref name="pmid23283137">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fwu CW, Eggers PW, Kimmel PL, Kusek JW, Kirkali Z |title=Emergency department visits, use of imaging, and drugs for urolithiasis have increased in the United States |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=479–86 |date=March 2013 |pmid=23283137 |pmc=3587650 |doi=10.1038/ki.2012.419 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26349951">{{cite journal |vauthors=Singh P, Enders FT, Vaughan LE, Bergstralh EJ, Knoedler JJ, Krambeck AE, Lieske JC, Rule AD |title=Stone Composition Among First-Time Symptomatic Kidney Stone Formers in the Community |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=90 |issue=10 |pages=1356–65 |date=October 2015 |pmid=26349951 |pmc=4593754 |doi=10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.07.016 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Colicky pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* [[Microscopic hematuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Visible stone on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Might cause renal obstruction
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Urinary tract neoplasm]]<ref name="pmid23664207">{{cite journal |vauthors=Azuma T, Nagase Y, Oshi M |title=Pyuria predicts poor prognosis in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer |journal=Clin Genitourin Cancer |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=331–6 |date=September 2013 |pmid=23664207 |doi=10.1016/j.clgc.2013.04.002 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* [[Microscopic hematuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Visible [[tumor]] on [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Cystoscopy]]  + [[biopsy]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with non−muscle−invasive [[bladder cancer]] (NMIBC)
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Fistulae|Urinary fistula]]<ref name="pmid25565512">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hampton BS, Kay A, Pilzek A |title=Urinary fistula and incontinence |journal=Semin. Reprod. Med. |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=47–52 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25565512 |doi=10.1055/s-0034-1395279 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Urinary incontinence]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Fistula]] on [[cystoscopy]] or [[IVP]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Physical examination
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*History of recent surgery
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Interstitial cystitis]]<ref name="pmid22177158">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konkle KS, Berry SH, Elliott MN, Hilton L, Suttorp MJ, Clauw DJ, Clemens JQ |title=Comparison of an interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome clinical cohort with symptomatic community women from the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology study |journal=J. Urol. |volume=187 |issue=2 |pages=508–12 |date=February 2012 |pmid=22177158 |pmc=3894739 |doi=10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.040 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Chronic bladder pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Associated with other chronic pain syndromes
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Vesicoureteral reflux]]<ref name="pmid24012582">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hubert KC, Kokorowski PJ, Huang L, Prasad MM, Rosoklija I, Retik AB, Nelson CP |title=New contralateral vesicoureteral reflux after unilateral ureteral reimplantation: predictive factors and clinical outcomes |journal=J. Urol. |volume=191 |issue=2 |pages=451–7 |date=February 2014 |pmid=24012582 |pmc=4123205 |doi=10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.076 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Oliguria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Hydronephrosis]]<ref name="pmid26194290">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dancz CE, Walker D, Thomas D, Özel B |title=Prevalence of Hydronephrosis in Women With Advanced Pelvic Organ Prolapse |journal=Urology |volume=86 |issue=2 |pages=250–4 |date=August 2015 |pmid=26194290 |doi=10.1016/j.urology.2015.05.005 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Oliguria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 |-
-! rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Renal disease|Renal diseases]]
+!
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Polycystic kidney disease|Polycystic kidney disease]]<ref name="pmid25186187">{{cite journal |vauthors=Paul BM, Vanden Heuvel GB |title=Kidney: polycystic kidney disease |journal=Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol |volume=3 |issue=6 |pages=465–87 |date=2014 |pmid=25186187 |pmc=4423807 |doi=10.1002/wdev.152 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | Flank or [[back]] [[pain]]
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Polyuria]]
-*[[Nocturia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hypocitraturia]]
-*[[Hyperuricemia]]
-*[[Hyperoxaluria]]
-*[[Urine|Low urine pH]]
-*[[Microscopic hematuria]]
-*[[Proteinuria]] <1 g/day
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Multiple cysts on [[ultrasound]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Renal vein thrombosis]]<ref name="pmid18158362">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mahmoodi BK, ten Kate MK, Waanders F, Veeger NJ, Brouwer JL, Vogt L, Navis G, van der Meer J |title=High absolute risks and predictors of venous and arterial thromboembolic events in patients with nephrotic syndrome: results from a large retrospective cohort study |journal=Circulation |volume=117 |issue=2 |pages=224–30 |date=January 2008 |pmid=18158362 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.716951 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Flank pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Might be asymptomatic
-*Signs of [[Acute kidney injury|acute renal failure]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocytosis]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hyperkalemia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-*[[Microscopic hematuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Thrombosis]] on CT scan
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal [[venography]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Increased risk in [[nephrotic syndrome]] and [[Thrombophilia|hypercoagulable state]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Interstitial nephritis]]<ref name="pmid25079860">{{cite journal |vauthors=Raghavan R, Eknoyan G |title=Acute interstitial nephritis - a reappraisal and update |journal=Clin. Nephrol. |volume=82 |issue=3 |pages=149–62 |date=September 2014 |pmid=25079860 |pmc=4928030 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Low back pain|Lower back pain]]
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Rash]]
-*[[Weight loss]]
-*[[Oliguria]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Eosinophilia]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hyperkalemia]]
-*[[Isosthenuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-*[[Eosinophiluria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + [[Urine|urinalysis]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with [[medications]], particularly [[Antibiotic|antibiotics]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[IgA nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid24861083">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roberts IS |title=Pathology of IgA nephropathy |journal=Nat Rev Nephrol |volume=10 |issue=8 |pages=445–54 |date=August 2014 |pmid=24861083 |doi=10.1038/nrneph.2014.92 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Might be asymptomatic
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-*[[Microscopic hematuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Biopsy]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*History of [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)|upper respiratory infection]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Kidney transplantation|Renal transplant rejection]]<ref name="pmid29789350">{{cite journal |vauthors=Martin-Moreno PL, Tripathi S, Chandraker A |title=Regulatory T Cells and Kidney Transplantation |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume= |issue= |pages= |date=May 2018 |pmid=29789350 |doi=10.2215/CJN.01750218 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Flank pain
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Might be asymptomatic
-*[[Oliguria]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Leukocytosis]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-*[[Microscopic hematuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Increased graft size on ultrasound
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal allograft [[biopsy]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Acute rise in the [[Creatinine|serum creatinine]]
-*History of [[Organ transplant|transplant]]
 |-
-! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Disease
+! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
+!
-! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
+! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other PE
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other UA findings
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
 |-
-! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Systemic disease]]
+! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Diabetic nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid24983394">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bjornstad P, Cherney D, Maahs DM |title=Early diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes: new insights |journal=Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=279–86 |date=August 2014 |pmid=24983394 |pmc=4138314 |doi=10.1097/MED.0000000000000074 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Might be asymptomatic
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Albuminuria]]
-*[[Microscopic hematuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + laboratory tests
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*History of [[retinopathy]] and [[neuropathy]]
-*Slow and progressive [[Renal insufficiency|renal failure]]
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Lupus nephritis]]<ref name="SchwartzGoilav2014">{{cite journal|last1=Schwartz|first1=Noa|last2=Goilav|first2=Beatrice|last3=Putterman|first3=Chaim|title=The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis|journal=Current Opinion in Rheumatology|volume=26|issue=5|year=2014|pages=502–509|issn=1040-8711|doi=10.1097/BOR.0000000000000089}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Rash]]
-*[[Oral ulcer]]
-*[[Arthritis]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Pancytopenia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hematuria]]
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Enlarged kidneys on CT scan
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |[[Biopsy]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* Abnormal results of specific serologic tests
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Sjögren's syndrome|Sjögren’s syndrome]]<ref name="de PaivaRocha2015">{{cite journal|last1=de Paiva|first1=Cintia S.|last2=Rocha|first2=Eduardo Melani|title=Sjögren syndrome|journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology|volume=26|issue=6|year=2015|pages=517–525|issn=1040-8738|doi=10.1097/ICU.0000000000000208}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Dryness of all [[mucous membranes]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Pancytopenia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hematuria]]
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Abnormal diffuse [[Adipose tissue|fat tissue]] deposition and diffuse punctate [[calcification]] on parotid gland CT scan
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + laboratory tests
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* Abnormal results of specific serologic tests
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Kawasaki's disease]]<ref name="pmid14745638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wirojanan J, Sopontammarak S, Vachvanichsanong P |title=Sterile pyuria in Kawasaki disease |journal=Pediatr. Nephrol. |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=363 |date=March 2004 |pmid=14745638 |doi=10.1007/s00467-003-1394-8 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Rash]]
-*[[Irritability]]
-*[[Desquamation]] of skin and mucous membranes
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Normocytic normochromic anemia]]
-*[[Thrombocytosis]]
-*[[Leukocytosis]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hyponatremia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Vessels involvement on [[Angiogram|angiography]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Associated with multiple organ involvement including [[heart]]
 |-
-! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Medication]]/[[toxin]]
+!
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Analgesic nephropathy]]<ref name="pmid28341428">{{cite journal |vauthors=Henderickx MMEL, Brits T, De Baets K, Seghers M, Maes P, Trouet D, De Wachter S, De Win G |title=Renal papillary necrosis in patients with sickle cell disease: How to recognize this 'forgotten' diagnosis |journal=J Pediatr Urol |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=250–256 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28341428 |doi=10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.020 |url=}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Flank pain
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Chronic [[headache]]
-*[[Low back pain]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Eosinophilia]]
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hyperkalemia]]
-*[[Isosthenuria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Proteinuria]]
-*[[Eosinophiluria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal impairment on CT scan
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Imaging
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Characterized by [[Renal papillary necrosis|papillary necrosis]] and chronic [[interstitial nephritis]]
-*Caused by the chronic use of [[analgesic]] agents
 |-
-! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Contrast induced nephropathy|Contrast−induced nephropathy]]<ref name="PatschanBuschmann2018">{{cite journal|last1=Patschan|first1=D.|last2=Buschmann|first2=I.|last3=Ritter|first3=O.|title=Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: Update on the Use of Crystalloids and Pharmacological Measures|journal=International Journal of Nephrology|volume=2018|year=2018|pages=1–8|issn=2090-214X|doi=10.1155/2018/5727309}}</ref>
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+!
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+|
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
+| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Oliguria]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*[[Hyperkalemia]]
-*[[Acidosis]]
-*[[Hyperphosphatemia]]
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-* [[Fractional sodium excretion]] (FENa) <1%
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |NA
-| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical manifestation + exclusion of other causes of AKI
 | align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
-*Associated with reversible type of [[acute kidney injury]]
-*Acute increase in the [[Creatinine|serum creatinine]]
 |-
 ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Category
-! colspan="3" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Disease
+! colspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Pain
+!
-! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Fever
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |N/V
+! colspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Dysuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Frequency
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Urgency
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gross hematuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |BP
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other PE
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |CBC
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Electrolytes
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cell
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Cast
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Bacteriuria
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Culture
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Other UA findings
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard for diagnosis
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Associated findings
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
+! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |
 |}
+<references />

Sandbox: sadaf: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:49, 7 August 2018

Thrombocytopenia Differential Diagnosis

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