Pneumomediastinum classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Pneumomediastinum is mainly classified according to the cause into 2 groups:<ref | Pneumomediastinum is mainly classified according to the cause into 2 groups: | ||
<ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[Vasileios K. Kouritas]], [[Konstantinos Papagiannopoulos]], [[George Lazaridis]], [[Sofia Baka]], [[Ioannis Mpoukovinas]], [[Vasilis Karavasilis]], [[Sofia Lampaki]], [[Ioannis Kioumis]], [[Georgia Pitsiou]], [[Antonis Papaiwannou]], [[Anastasia Karavergou]], [[Maria Kipourou]], [[Martha Lada]], [[John Organtzis]], [[Nikolaos Katsikogiannis]], [[Kosmas Tsakiridis]], [[Konstantinos Zarogoulidis]] & [[Paul Zarogoulidis]] | |||
| title = Pneumomediastinum | |||
| journal = [[Journal of thoracic disease]] | |||
| volume = 7 | |||
| issue = Suppl 1 | |||
| pages = S44–S49 | |||
| year = 2015 | |||
| month = February | |||
| doi = 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.01.11 | |||
| pmid = 25774307 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
<ref name="pmid4332083">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rukavishnikova VG, Chistova NM |title=[The histologic structure of benign giant cell synoviomas] |language=Russian |journal=Vopr Onkol |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=46–53 |date=1969 |pmid=4332083 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Spontaneous, also known as idiopathic pneumomediastinum: Cause of sponateous pneumomediastinum is use of tobacco and recreational drugs such as cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine. | * Spontaneous, also known as idiopathic pneumomediastinum: Cause of sponateous pneumomediastinum is use of tobacco and recreational drugs such as cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine. | ||
* Secondary pneumomediastinum: | * Secondary pneumomediastinum: | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Trusha Tank, M.D.[2]
Overview
Pneumomediastinum may be classified according to cause into spontaneous pneumomediastinum and secondary pneumomediastinum. Both the categories have multiple causes.
Classification
Pneumomediastinum is mainly classified according to the cause into 2 groups: [1]
[2]
- Spontaneous, also known as idiopathic pneumomediastinum: Cause of sponateous pneumomediastinum is use of tobacco and recreational drugs such as cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine.
- Secondary pneumomediastinum:
- Iatrogenic: Endoscopic procedures, intubation/extubation, central line placement.
- Traumatic: Blunt force trauma, penetrating injury.
- Non-traumatic: Predisposing factors are preexisting medical conditions such as asthma, interstitial lung disease, COPD, bronchiectasis, lung cysts, lung malignancy, excessive vomiting.
| Pneumomediastinum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spontaneous pneumomediastinum | Secondary pneumomediastinum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Iatrogenic | Traumatic | Non-traumatic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Pneumomediastinum can also be classified according to the entry of air into the mediastinal cavity: Head/neck/upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract, lung, gastrointestinal tract, or external sources. [3]
References
- ↑ Vasileios K. Kouritas, Konstantinos Papagiannopoulos, George Lazaridis, Sofia Baka, Ioannis Mpoukovinas, Vasilis Karavasilis, Sofia Lampaki, Ioannis Kioumis, Georgia Pitsiou, Antonis Papaiwannou, Anastasia Karavergou, Maria Kipourou, Martha Lada, John Organtzis, Nikolaos Katsikogiannis, Kosmas Tsakiridis, Konstantinos Zarogoulidis & Paul Zarogoulidis (2015). "Pneumomediastinum". Journal of thoracic disease. 7 (Suppl 1): S44–S49. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.01.11. PMID 25774307. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Rukavishnikova VG, Chistova NM (1969). "[The histologic structure of benign giant cell synoviomas]". Vopr Onkol (in Russian). 15 (3): 46–53. PMID 4332083.
- ↑ http://www.pulmonologyadvisor.com/pulmonary-medicine/non-neoplastic-disorders-of-the-mediastinum-pneumomediastinum/article/661012/