Pneumomediastinum epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
*The | *Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is more common in young men and pregnant women. | ||
*In | *4 cases out of 100,000 of the general population were between the ages of 5 and 34 years, with the predominance being young adult men<ref name="pmid16835735">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oertel MF, Korinth MC, Reinges MH, Krings T, Terbeck S, Gilsbach JM |title=Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of pneumorrhachis |journal=Eur Spine J |volume=15 Suppl 5 |issue= |pages=636–43 |date=October 2006 |pmid=16835735 |pmc=1602196 |doi=10.1007/s00586-006-0160-6 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16304275">{{cite journal |vauthors=Newcomb AE, Clarke CP |title=Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: a benign curiosity or a significant problem? |journal=Chest |volume=128 |issue=5 |pages=3298–302 |date=November 2005 |pmid=16304275 |doi=10.1378/chest.128.5.3298 |url=}}</ref>. | ||
* | *The prevalence of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is reported between 2.3 to 125 in 100,000 individual.<ref name="pmid11180677">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chalumeau M, Le Clainche L, Sayeg N, Sannier N, Michel JL, Marianowski R, Jouvet P, Scheinmann P, de Blic J |title=Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in children |journal=Pediatr. Pulmonol. |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=67–75 |date=January 2001 |pmid=11180677 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. | ||
*In a retrospective study reported a prevalence of 0.3% in children presenting in the emergency room with underlying asthma and acute exacerbation. Mean age was 11.8 years with a male:female ratio of 1.15:1<ref name="pmid8859917">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stack AM, Caputo GL |title=Pneumomediastinum in childhood asthma |journal=Pediatr Emerg Care |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=98–101 |date=April 1996 |pmid=8859917 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. | |||
*70% of cases of pneumomediastinum in children are due to bronchospasm or respiratory tract infection. | |||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ||
Revision as of 16:56, 12 December 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2]
Overview
Pneumomediastinum is a rare condition. Epidemiology of pneumomediastinum reflects the epidemiology of diseases associated with the condition.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- Even though the incidence of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is low, there is not any study showing accurate cases of the condition per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
Prevalence
- Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is more common in young men and pregnant women.
- 4 cases out of 100,000 of the general population were between the ages of 5 and 34 years, with the predominance being young adult men[2][1].
- The prevalence of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is reported between 2.3 to 125 in 100,000 individual.[3].
- In a retrospective study reported a prevalence of 0.3% in children presenting in the emergency room with underlying asthma and acute exacerbation. Mean age was 11.8 years with a male:female ratio of 1.15:1[4].
- 70% of cases of pneumomediastinum in children are due to bronchospasm or respiratory tract infection.
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
- The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
- The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
- [Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
- [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
- [Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].
Race
- There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
- [Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
Gender
- [Disease name] affects men and women equally.
- [Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
Region
- The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
- [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Newcomb AE, Clarke CP (November 2005). "Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: a benign curiosity or a significant problem?". Chest. 128 (5): 3298–302. doi:10.1378/chest.128.5.3298. PMID 16304275.
- ↑ Oertel MF, Korinth MC, Reinges MH, Krings T, Terbeck S, Gilsbach JM (October 2006). "Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of pneumorrhachis". Eur Spine J. 15 Suppl 5: 636–43. doi:10.1007/s00586-006-0160-6. PMC 1602196. PMID 16835735.
- ↑ Chalumeau M, Le Clainche L, Sayeg N, Sannier N, Michel JL, Marianowski R, Jouvet P, Scheinmann P, de Blic J (January 2001). "Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in children". Pediatr. Pulmonol. 31 (1): 67–75. PMID 11180677.
- ↑ Stack AM, Caputo GL (April 1996). "Pneumomediastinum in childhood asthma". Pediatr Emerg Care. 12 (2): 98–101. PMID 8859917.