Sandbox:Preeti

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Preeti Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]

Category	Disease		Etiology	Mechanism		Clinical manifestations										Paraclinical findings								Gold standard	Associated findings
																Lab findings
						Demography	History	Symptoms				Signs				CBC			PBS	PT/PTT	Immunochemistry	Histopathology	Other
				Inherited	Acquired			Constitutional symptoms	Rash	Abdominal pain	Diarrhea	V/S	Mass	Hepatosplenomegaly	Other	WBC	Hb	Plt
HL
	Hodgkin's Lymphoma
NHL
B Cell Lymphoma	Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma		Precursor B-cell Lymphoma
	Follicular lymphoma		Mature B-cell Lymphoma Reciprocal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) Overexpression of BCL2			Second most common subtype of NHL Whites>>African-americans or Asians Median age at diagnosis of 65 years	Slightly positive family history	Fever Weight loss Night sweats	+	+			Painless peripheral adenopathy in the cervical, axillary, inguinal, and/or femoral regions	+	Seizures Chest pain Bone pain Cough Dyspnea										Most common clinically indolent NHL
	Mantle cell lymphoma		Mature B-cell Lymphoma CD5 positive antigen in pregerminal center of B-cell Chromosomal translocation at t(11:14)					Fatigue Night sweats Weight Loss		Abdominal distention			Palpable masses in skin, breast, and salivary glands Generalized lymphadenopathy	+	Extranodal involvement of GI tract, lungs, and CNS Mental Retardation	Lymphocytosis > 4000/µL	↓	Nl to ↓			CD5+ B-cell antigen positive Overexpression of Cyclin D1	Germinal centers filled by small-to-medium atypical lymphocytes Nodular appearance	Elevated LDH
	Diffuse large B cell lymphoma		Mature B-cell Lymphoma 8q24/MYC translocations Hypermutated immunoglobulin genes Mutation of BCL6, MYC, PAX5, PIM1, RhoH /TTFn, TP53 genes Translocations involving c-MYC, BCL6, and IgH gene.					Fever Night sweats weight loss					Painless rapidly enlarging lymph nodes			↓	↓	Nl to ↓				Centroblastic Medium-to-large-sized lymphocytes Monomorphic Immunoblastic > 90% immunoblasts Trapezoid shaped large lymphoid cells with significant basophilic cytoplasm Anaplastic Very large cells with a round, oval, or polygonal shape that may resemble Reed-Sternberg cells	Hypergammaglobulinemia
Category	Disease		Etiology	Inherited	Acquired	Demography	History	Constitutional symptoms	Rash	Abdominal pain	Diarrhea	V/S	Mass	Hepatosplenomegaly	Other	WBC	Hb	Plt	PBS	PT/PTT	Immunochemistry	Histopathology	Other lab findings	Gold standard	Associated findings
	Burkitt lymphoma		Mature B-cell Lymphoma Translocation of chromosome 8 myc locus such as: t(8;14) t(2;8) t(8;22)					Fever Night sweats Unexplained weight loss					Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, axilla, or groin Jaw mass Abdominal masses		Ascites Proptosis						CD19 CD20 CD22 CD10 BCL6 BCL2 and TdT	Round and small nucleoli basophilic cytoplasm "Starry-sky pattern"
	B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma		Mature B-cell Lymphoma
	Marginal zone lymphoma	Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type	Mature B-cell Lymphoma
		Splenic marginal zone lymphoma	Mature B-cell Lymphoma Clonal rearrangements of the immunoglobulin genes (heavy and light chains) Deletion 7q21-32 Translocations of the CDK6 gene located on 7q21																		CD20 CD79a	Small lymphocytes Transformed blasts Epithelial histocytes Plasmacytic differentiation of neoplastic cells
		Nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma	Mature B-cell Lymphoma Stimulation of antigen receptor by autoantigen and co-stimulatory molecule CD40						+						Hemorrhage Dyspepsia					AE1/AE3 Expression of B-cell markers CD20, CD79a, CD10, CD23, and bcl-2	Follicular cells in reactive zone Centrocyte like cells in marginal zone lymphoma			Chronic infectious conditions or autoimmune processes, such as H pylori gastritis Hashimoto thyroiditis Sjögren syndrome
	Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia)		Mature B-cell Lymphoma
	Hairy cell leukemia		Production of cytokines, such as TNF alpha and IL-2R, provide important stimuli for malignant B cells proliferation in hairy cell leukemia. The p38-MAPK-JNK cascade The MEK-ERK cascade The Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-AKT cascade					Fever Night sweats Fatigue Easy bruising or bleeding Generalized weakness Weight loss Recurrent infections Early satiety					Pallor, Petechiae Splenomegaly			Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive CBC Decreased hemoglobin concentration Decreased platelets count					Annexin A1 CD20 CD25 CD103 CD19 CD11c FMC7	Small cells with "fried egg"-like appearance Well-demarcated thread-like cytoplasmic extensions Clear cytoplasm Central round nucleus Peri-nuclear clearing ("water-clear rim" appearance)
	Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma		Precursor T-cell Lymphomas
	Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
T cell lymphoma	Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
	Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma	Mycosis fungoides / Sézary syndrome	The tumor cells originate from memory T cells or skin homing CD4+ T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) and chemokine receptors CCR4and CCR7. It is understood that cutaneous t cell lymphoma (maycosis fungoides, Sezary sydrome ) is the result of malignant T cell that derived from a mature CD41 CD45RO1 memory T cells.					Epidermal atrophy or poikiloderma Generalized itching(pruritus) Pain in the affected area of the skin. Insomnia Red (erythematous) patches scattered over the skin of the trunk and the extremities Weight loss Lymphadenopathy Malaise and fatigue Anemia May progress to Sezary syndrome (Skin involvement plus hematogenous dissemination)					Cutaneous manifestations
	Peripheral T-cell lymphoma	Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma
		Hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma
		Enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma
		Extranodal T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
		Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
		Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified