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__NOTOC__


==Overview==
The majority of patients with [disease name] are asymptomatic.
OR
The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Common symptoms of [disease] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Less common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3].
==History and Symptoms==
*The majority of patients with [disease name] are asymptomatic.
OR
*The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3].
*Symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3].
===History===
The majority of patients with [disease name] are asymptomatic.
OR
The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Common symptoms of [disease] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]. Less common symptoms of [disease name] include [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3].
==History and Symptoms==
*The hallmark of gastroesophageal reflex disease is heartburn. A positive history of regurgitation and nausea is suggestive of gastroesopahgeal reflux disease. The most common symptoms of gastroesopahgeal reflux disease  include heartburn , and dysphagia
===History===
Patients with gastroesophageal reflex disease may have a positive history of<ref name="RuigomezGarcia Rodriguez2004">{{cite journal|last1=Ruigomez|first1=A.|last2=Garcia Rodriguez|first2=L. A.|last3=Wallander|first3=M.-A.|last4=Johansson|first4=S.|last5=Graffner|first5=H.|last6=Dent|first6=J.|title=Natural history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease diagnosed in general practice|journal=Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics|volume=20|issue=7|year=2004|pages=751–760|issn=0269-2813|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02169.x}}</ref>
*[[Regurgitation]]
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Vomiting]]
===Common Symptoms===
Common symptoms of gastroesophageal reflex disease include:<ref name="RichterRubenstein2018">{{cite journal|last1=Richter|first1=Joel E.|last2=Rubenstein|first2=Joel H.|title=Presentation and Epidemiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease|journal=Gastroenterology|volume=154|issue=2|year=2018|pages=267–276|issn=00165085|doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2017.07.045}}</ref>
*[[Heartburn]]
*[[Dysphagia]]
===Less Common Symptoms===
Less Common symptoms of gastroesophageal reflex disease include:<ref name="pmid28722967">{{cite journal |vauthors=Antunes C, Curtis SA |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=28722967 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Coughing]]
*[[Hoarseness]]
*[[Chest pain|Chest Pain]]


[[File:Subtrochanteric-neck-of-femur-fracture.jpg|400px|thumb|left|xray showing femur fracture [https://radiopaedia.org/cases/spiral-fracture-of-femur source:Case courtesy of Dr Andrew Dixon, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 25704 ]]]
[[File:Subtrochanteric-neck-of-femur-fracture.jpg|400px|thumb|left|xray showing femur fracture [https://radiopaedia.org/cases/spiral-fracture-of-femur source:Case courtesy of Dr Andrew Dixon, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 25704 ]]]
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[[File:Tibial fracture.jpg|400px|thumb|left|X-Ray showing Tibial Fracture [https://radiopaedia.org/cases/proximal-tibia-fracture source:Case courtesy of MD PhD gasssss, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 13768]]]
[[File:Tibial fracture.jpg|400px|thumb|left|X-Ray showing Tibial Fracture [https://radiopaedia.org/cases/proximal-tibia-fracture source:Case courtesy of MD PhD gasssss, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 13768]]]
<br style="clear:left" />==References==
<br style="clear:left" />==References==
==Differentiating NHL==
{|
!  align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Category
! colspan="2"  align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Disease
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Etiology
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Constitutional symptoms
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Rash
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Abdominal pain
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Diarrhea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Mass
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Other
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |WBC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Hb
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Plt
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Immunochemistry
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Histopathology
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Gold standard
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Associated findings
|-
! rowspan="10"  align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |T cell lymphoma
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Precursor T-cell Lymphomas
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Mycosis fungoides]] / [[Sézary syndrome]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
* The [[tumor]] [[Cell (biology)|cells]] originate from [[memory T cells]] or [[skin]] homing [[CD4+ T cells]] expressing [[cutaneous]] [[lymphocyte]] [[antigen]] (CLA) an<nowiki/>d [[chemokine]] [[receptors]] [[CCR4]]<nowiki/>and CCR7.
* It is understood that cutaneous t cell lymphoma (maycosis fungoides, Sezary sydrome ) is the result of malignant T cell that derived from a mature CD41 CD45RO1 memory T cells.
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* [[Epidermis (skin)|Epidermal]] [[atrophy]] or poikiloderma
* Generalized [[itching]]([[pruritus]])
* [[Pain]] in the affected area of the skin.
* [[Insomnia]]
* Red ([[erythematous]]) patches scattered over the [[skin]] of the [[trunk]] and the [[extremities]]
* [[Weight loss]]
* [[Lymphadenopathy]]
* [[Malaise]] and [[fatigue]]
* [[Anemia]]
* May progress to [[Sezary syndrome]] (Skin involvement plus hematogenous dissemination)
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Cutaneous manifestations
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! rowspan="6" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Peripheral T-cell lymphoma
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Extranodal T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Mature T-cell Lymphoma
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|}


{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 20:21, 17 January 2019


xray showing femur fracture source:Case courtesy of Dr Andrew Dixon, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 25704


X-ray showing Humerus Fracture source:Case courtesy of Dr Benoudina Samir, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 22063


X-Ray showing Tibial Fracture source:Case courtesy of MD PhD gasssss, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 13768


==References==

Differentiating NHL

Category Disease Etiology Constitutional symptoms Rash Abdominal pain Diarrhea Mass Other WBC Hb Plt Immunochemistry Histopathology Gold standard Associated findings
T cell lymphoma Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
  • Precursor T-cell Lymphomas
Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma Mycosis fungoides / Sézary syndrome
  • Cutaneous manifestations
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Extranodal T-cell lymphoma, nasal type
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified
  • Mature T-cell Lymphoma

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