Lymphadenopathy natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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== Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | == Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ||
*Patients with lymphadenopathy may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, depending on the aetiology.<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |year=2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Patients with lymphadenopathy may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, depending on the aetiology.<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |year=2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Early clinical features include palpable [[tenderness]], pain, and [[fever]]. | *Early clinical features include palpable [[tenderness]], pain, and [[fever]]. | ||
*Common complications of lymphadenopathy, include: | *Common complications of lymphadenopathy, include: | ||
'''Mediastinal lymphadenopathy''' | '''Mediastinal lymphadenopathy''' | ||
* [[Superior vena cava syndrome]] | * [[Superior vena cava syndrome]] | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Natural History
The natural course of lymphadenopathy depends on the underlying cause. Lymphadenopathy due to infectious causes subsides once the infection is controlled.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
- Patients with lymphadenopathy may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, depending on the aetiology.[1]
- Early clinical features include palpable tenderness, pain, and fever.
- Common complications of lymphadenopathy, include:
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Tracheal and bronchial obstruction
- Dysphagia
- Hemoptysis
- Uric acid nephropathy
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Renal failure
Abdominal lymphadenopathy
Superficial lymphadenopathy
- Abscess formation
- Cellulitis
- Fistulas (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to tuberculosis)
- Sepsis
- Prognosis will depend on the aetiology of the underlying disease.
Complications
- Mediastinal lymphadenopathy causes pressure symptoms like:
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Tracheal and bronchial obstruction
- Dysphagia
- Hemoptysis
- Uric acid nephropathy
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Renal failure
- Abdominal lymphadenopathy can cause
- Superficial lymphadenopathy can cause
- Abscess formation
- Cellulitis (a skin infection)
- Fistulas (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to tuberculosis)
- Sepsis (bloodstream infection)
Prognosis
Prompt treatment with antibiotics usually leads to a complete recovery. However, it may take weeks, or even months, for swelling to disappear. The amount of time to recovery depends on the cause. Prognosis is poor for malignant tumors.