Merkel cell cancer laboratory tests: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
'''Lymph Node Biopsy''' | '''Lymph Node Biopsy''' | ||
* [[Sentinel lymph node]] [[biopsy]] is the [[Gold standard (test)|gold standard]] test for the diagnosis of [[merkel cell cancer]].<ref name="pmid26480031">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gunaratne DA, Howle JR, Veness MJ |title=Sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma: a 15-year institutional experience and statistical analysis of 721 reported cases |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=174 |issue=2 |pages=273–81 |date=February 2016 |pmid=26480031 |doi=10.1111/bjd.14240 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29549898">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sims JR, Grotz TE, Pockaj BA, Joseph RW, Foote RL, Otley CC, Weaver AL, Jakub JW, Price DL |title=Sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma: The Mayo Clinic experience of 150 patients |journal=Surg Oncol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=11–17 |date=March 2018 |pmid=29549898 |doi=10.1016/j.suronc.2017.10.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7633811">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haag ML, Glass LF, Fenske NA |title=Merkel cell carcinoma. Diagnosis and treatment |journal=Dermatol Surg |volume=21 |issue=8 |pages=669–83 |date=August 1995 |pmid=7633811 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * [[Sentinel lymph node]] [[biopsy]] is the [[Gold standard (test)|gold standard]] test for the diagnosis of [[merkel cell cancer]].<ref name="pmid26480031">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gunaratne DA, Howle JR, Veness MJ |title=Sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma: a 15-year institutional experience and statistical analysis of 721 reported cases |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=174 |issue=2 |pages=273–81 |date=February 2016 |pmid=26480031 |doi=10.1111/bjd.14240 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29549898">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sims JR, Grotz TE, Pockaj BA, Joseph RW, Foote RL, Otley CC, Weaver AL, Jakub JW, Price DL |title=Sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma: The Mayo Clinic experience of 150 patients |journal=Surg Oncol |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=11–17 |date=March 2018 |pmid=29549898 |doi=10.1016/j.suronc.2017.10.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7633811">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haag ML, Glass LF, Fenske NA |title=Merkel cell carcinoma. Diagnosis and treatment |journal=Dermatol Surg |volume=21 |issue=8 |pages=669–83 |date=August 1995 |pmid=7633811 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11357530">{{cite journal |vauthors=Helmbold P, Schröter S, Holzhausen HJ, Hartschuh W, Marsch WC |title=[Merkel cell carcinoma: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge] |language=German |journal=Chirurg |volume=72 |issue=4 |pages=396–401 |date=April 2001 |pmid=11357530 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Sentinel lymph node]] [[biopsy]] plays a crucial role in: | * [[Sentinel lymph node]] [[biopsy]] plays a crucial role in: | ||
** Accurate [[Cancer staging|staging]] and | ** Accurate [[Cancer staging|staging]] and |
Revision as of 17:51, 21 January 2019
Merkel cell cancer Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Merkel cell cancer laboratory tests On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Merkel cell cancer laboratory tests |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Merkel cell cancer laboratory tests |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of merkel cell cancer include immunohistochemistry, cytogenetic and molecular analysis, and [abnormal test 3]. .
Laboratory findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of merkel cell cancer include:
Lymph Node Biopsy
- Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of merkel cell cancer.[1][2][3][4]
- Sentinel lymph node biopsy plays a crucial role in:
- Accurate staging and
- Appropriate management according to the staging.
Immunohistochemistry
- Epithelial markers play an important role in the diagnosis of merkel cell cancer which include:[5]
- Cytokeratin AE1/AE3
- CAM 5.2
- Pan-cytokeratin
- Epithelial membrane antigen, and
- Ber-EP4
- Merkel cell carcinoma may also shows positive for neuroendocrine markers such as:[6]
- Chromogranin
- Synaptophysin
- Calcitonin and
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide
- Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs)
Cytogenetic and molecular analysis
- Many chromosomal abnormalities have been detected in merkel cell cancer but most commonly affected are:[7][8][9][10]
- Chromosome 1: Especially involving p and q arms
- Chromosome 5
- Chromosome 6
- Chromosome 8, and
- Chromosome 13
References
- ↑ Gunaratne DA, Howle JR, Veness MJ (February 2016). "Sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma: a 15-year institutional experience and statistical analysis of 721 reported cases". Br. J. Dermatol. 174 (2): 273–81. doi:10.1111/bjd.14240. PMID 26480031.
- ↑ Sims JR, Grotz TE, Pockaj BA, Joseph RW, Foote RL, Otley CC, Weaver AL, Jakub JW, Price DL (March 2018). "Sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma: The Mayo Clinic experience of 150 patients". Surg Oncol. 27 (1): 11–17. doi:10.1016/j.suronc.2017.10.005. PMID 29549898.
- ↑ Haag ML, Glass LF, Fenske NA (August 1995). "Merkel cell carcinoma. Diagnosis and treatment". Dermatol Surg. 21 (8): 669–83. PMID 7633811.
- ↑ Helmbold P, Schröter S, Holzhausen HJ, Hartschuh W, Marsch WC (April 2001). "[Merkel cell carcinoma: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge]". Chirurg (in German). 72 (4): 396–401. PMID 11357530.
- ↑ Weinbreck N, Marie B, Bressenot A, Montagne K, Joud A, Baumann C, Klein O, Vignaud JM (July 2008). "Immunohistochemical markers to distinguish between hemangioblastoma and metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma in the brain: utility of aquaporin1 combined with cytokeratin AE1/AE3 immunostaining". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 32 (7): 1051–9. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e3181609d7d. PMID 18496143.
- ↑ Gardair C, Samimi M, Touzé A, Coursaget P, Lorette G, Caille A, Wierzbicka E, Croué A, Avenel-Audran M, Aubin F, Kerdraon R, Estève E, Beneton N, Guyétant S (2015). "Somatostatin Receptors 2A and 5 Are Expressed in Merkel Cell Carcinoma with No Association with Disease Severity". Neuroendocrinology. 101 (3): 223–35. doi:10.1159/000381062. PMID 25765179.
- ↑ Sozzi G, Bertoglio MG, Pilotti S, Rilke F, Pierotti MA, Della Porta G (January 1988). "Cytogenetic studies in primary and metastatic neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinoma". Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 30 (1): 151–8. PMID 3422041.
- ↑ Van Gele M, Speleman F, Vandesompele J, Van Roy N, Leonard JH (April 1998). "Characteristic pattern of chromosomal gains and losses in Merkel cell carcinoma detected by comparative genomic hybridization". Cancer Res. 58 (7): 1503–8. PMID 9537255.
- ↑ Leonard JH, Leonard P, Kearsley JH (May 1993). "Chromosomes 1, 11, and 13 are frequently involved in karyotypic abnormalities in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma". Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 67 (1): 65–70. PMID 8504402.
- ↑ Erstad DJ, Cusack JC (October 2014). "Mutational analysis of merkel cell carcinoma". Cancers (Basel). 6 (4): 2116–36. doi:10.3390/cancers6042116. PMC 4276959. PMID 25329450.